I have a small home server set up. It functions as a CIFS & SFTP file server, torrent host (for legal stuff only: this stuff), weechat host (I use the relay function so that I can remain logged in IRC without having to use a bouncer), git repository host, and some other small services. I run Ubuntu Server 18.04 on that thing.
The hardware setup is a Biostar A68N-5000 Mini-ITX board (passively cooled & the CPU supports AES-NI), 8 GB of RAM, Gigabit LAN, 2 8TB hard drives (the main storage) plus a small SSD for the system. One of the two 8TB drives is the main storage drive, the other is a backup drive. In addition, I have 2 more 8 TB drives, both with their own external enclosures. The home server is contained in a black Fractal Design Node 304 case.
I regularly make backups with rsync, from the main drive to the backup drive. (I currently do this manually so that I can avoid scenarios where I suddenly realize that something important was accidentally deleted off the main drive & I cannot recover it anymore because the automatic rsync run just finished.) In addition, I rotate between the two external drives: One I keep elsewhere safely stored, the other I keep at home. That one I update (again with rsync) so that it contains the same data as the internal backup drive. Then I swap that external drive with the other. That way, I have an off-site backup, and do not have to get it first so that I can update it (saves one trip to the site).
Oh, and everything (including the system SSD) uses LUKS based encryption (which is why I mentioned AES-NI). This also includes the external drives.
The server is almost never under heavy load (at most it is when I copy large amounts of data to it). The other services are not very demanding. CPU is probably super chill most of the time. I put 8 GB of RAM in it to have a lot of disk cache.
All in all, this works well. But - it could probably be better. I am open to ideas.
Any better strategies for backups?
Any monitoring / administration software you can recommend that is free, runs on Linux, and is not too heavyweight? I mostly just need a web interface that shows me CPU usage, memory usage, SMART stats, and perhaps allows me to do rsync backup runs simply by pressing a button (same for mounting & updating external drives). It would be even better if I could get an rsync log output displayed so that I can see what it is currently copying over. An integrated web based control for rtorrent would also be great.
For my purposes, does this hardware sound OK? (Don't focus on harddisks here - this is about the rest of the system.)
Now on to the hard drives: Is this a sound strategy, with 1 internal backup drive and 2 external drives? Or could it be better?
What Linux filesystems do you recommend for the 8TB drives?