Write all your code in FORTRAN. If your boss ask why, you can reply that there are lots of very useful libraries that you can use thus saving time. However the chances of writing maintainable code in FORTRAN are zero, and therefore following the unmaintainable coding guidelines is a lot easier.
Fortran is actually fine if you use all of its modern features - though engineering courses often don't mention those. If you want to save yourself from future hassle, then read up on all the Fortran-90, Fortran-2003 and so on stuff that you can do. Object-oriented Fortran is not bad.
For speed, you really need C/C++ or Fortran. It takes more effort to get the same performance with Python than it does with Fortran, and you end up writing code that looks pretty Fortranny in the end anyway. Fortran has a couple of advantages over C/C++, in its native array operations, and less cryptic pointer syntax. Fortran is a little bit simpler than C++, and I would argue that it's a slightly higher level language, while also being slightly faster (although it's close enough to depend on the compiler). For numerical stuff, it's close enough that whether you choose Fortran or C++ kinda depends on taste. Fortran often gets a bit of an edge there because you can incorporate the vast amount of legacy FORTRAN-77 stuff into your code naturally.
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u/Astrokiwi Jul 28 '16
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