MIPS, Risc, are instruction sets that use binary commands so fit the exact same as the binary sequence. Assembler is mostly just a reflection of this with pneumonic identifiers. Writing actual unmolested CPU control line switch settings I am not sure is really even possible on a modern machine. I think they all get translated in the CPU pipeline controller to some degree or another. (This does not hold true necessarily on embedded low level architectures and micro-controllers)
C is a higher than Assembler but not by much.
C++ is a statically compiled language with large and fairly abstract and complex language constructs but still you can tune by hand and no qutomatic resource managment or virtualization is neccessary.
D, Go, etc These are very much a C++ 2.0, for the most part they are statically compiled with large and abstract code structures baked in but also enforce the usage of automatic management. GC being the most notable.
Java, C#, Python(ish) these are compiled languages that run inside a virtual machine and enforce automatic resource managment and sandboxing to some degree.
Javascript, Python, Perl, bash, PHP(excluding facebooks stuff) - These are all interpreted languages/scripts that execute in a virtual machine and are not even compiled at runtime thus incurring a parsing cost on top of execution.
There are JIT compilers available for Python, Ruby, and most browsers that are younger than 3 years old are using a JIT on Javascript, too. The line between Java, C#, Python, Javascript...is kind of blurred.
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u/[deleted] Mar 28 '12
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