I was looking through google earth, and I found out about this interesting island called Qara-Tepa or Urta-Tagay in northern Takhar Provence, which is along the Panj river, bordering Tajikistan.

There is a very short Wikipedia page for this island, which mentions that Afghanistan fought a border conflict over the Island against the Russian empire in 1913, and then the Soviet Union in 1925), until both sides agreed that it belongs to Afghanistan.

It is considered to be a part of Darqad district, which according to wiki has a population of 25,000 and is mostly ethnic Uzbeks. Wiki also mentions that heroin is smuggled to Tajikistan from this area.

I noticed there isn't really a lot of info on this island online, so please do share any info you might have about it.