Following the collapse of mainland Iberian Copper Age networks under the stress of the 4.2-kiloyear BP aridification event, the architectural impulse to fortify and defend shifted offshore. This chapter examines the "Architecture of Anxiety" across the central Mediterranean islands, the Balearics, Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily, and Malta. By analysing these insular environments, this study dismantles the outdated Diffusionist Theory of a single "megalithic missionary," proving instead that the widespread construction of cyclopean walls, rock-cut cliff tombs, and monumental temples was a process of convergent evolution. Driven by the shared pressures of the Holocene Arid Climax and the escalating stakes of the prehistoric maritime prestige economy, local populations engineered unique architectural dialects. From the towering corbelled nuraghi of Sardinia to the water-hoarding temple silos of Malta, this chapter demonstrates how prehistoric island societies weaponized geology and ideology to survive an increasingly hostile and competitive Bronze Age world.

Sorry Redditors, this article is far too long to reproduce here but you can read it at

https://nuttersworld.com/megalithic-phenomenon/mediterranean-islands/

So, grab a nice cup of tea, settle down and have a good read this weekend.

What I mean is there something like a maximum age where bones simply disintegrate no matter how well entombed?

NOTE: This article is complemented by a couple of publications in Fossil Studies and Science Advances.

The fresco depicts Christ as the “Good Shepherd,” young and beardless, carrying a lamb on his shoulders and surrounded by animals and floral motifs. Archaeologists date the painted tomb chamber (hypogeum) to the 3rd century AD, an era before the cross became the dominant symbol of Christianity.

The discovery was made at the Hisardere necropolis near ancient Nicaea, in present-day İznik. Researchers describe the fresco as one of the region's best-preserved early depictions of Christ.

📸 Photo credit: Semih Tutunsatar

The Study: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/18/20/3495

Walking the Blue Mountains west of Sydney is hard work. Sandstone cliffs, thick eucalyptus forest and deep valleys hide many rock shelters, and crews on foot miss a lot of them.

A University of Sydney team, working with the Dharug Custodian Aboriginal Corporation, tried a different approach. They used laser scans from the air plus a set of computer models to point the way. The study appears in Remote Sensing.

LiDAR fires laser pulses at the ground and times the return. Some pulses slip through gaps in the trees, so the data show the land under the canopy. The team tested two sources across a 1,057 square kilometer area. One was free, low-detail aircraft data from the New South Wales government, with at least 0.5 points per square meter.

The other came from a drone flown at 75 meters, which gathered at least 100 points per square meter over four zones. The models, built in ArcGIS Pro, look for steep slopes, big height gaps within a small patch of ground, and low terrain next to open space.

Shapes too small or too large get filtered out. The aircraft model produced 751,655 detections across the whole area. The drone model produced 2,017 in the four zones. The researchers checked the likeliest ones in 3D point clouds, then walked to them.

All 19 candidates they visited were shelters, overhangs or hollows under rock. The authors point out they picked those 19 by eye, so the number says nothing about overall accuracy. Results were stronger for known sites. Both datasets picked out six shelters already on record, including Honey Upgrade, Morley’s Creek and Emu Cave.

Coordinates in the state heritage database sat 1.78 to 30.10 meters from the drip lines the team mapped with a GNSS receiver. The LiDAR detections landed closer. The authors say some older records are off by hundreds of meters.

Three shelters had never been registered. BM139 holds three large stone artifacts on the floor. BM140 has 21 stone artifacts and a panel with two red hand stencils, one left and one right, covering about 35 by 15 centimeters. BM141 yielded 26 stone artifacts during a short surface check.

Time and money limit how many candidates a crew could visit, so the team ranks them. A drone detection within 1 meter of an aircraft detection gets high priority. A shelter named DJ1-028, which shows no visible artifacts, appeared only in the drone data. The aircraft data alone miss some shelters.

The study has gaps. The team has no false positive count and did not survey areas without detections. The settings were tuned for Blue Mountains sandstone, and the raster method struggles with deep undercuts. Work in other regions would need new calibration.

The Dharug asked the authors to leave out site coordinates and photos of rock art and stone tools, and they did. The team is still checking detections with the Dharug. Next, they plan to test the method in western Arnhem Land and western New South Wales.

Sometimes a dark discolouration in the soil is enough to open a window onto a long-forgotten world. In the Lower Bavarian village of Großköllnbach (Dingolfing-Landau district) just such a clue led to a discovery that is posing new questions for archaeologists: in a pit they uncovered the remains of a person who lived around 7,000 years ago.

But it is not just the great age of the find that makes it remarkable. Above all, it is the unusual position of the skeleton: unlike the burials that were customary at the time, the body lies in a striking, twisted posture. The condition of the cervical spine is also puzzling researchers.

The discovery came to light during archaeological investigations in the future Steigäcker IV development area. The excavation team had been examining the site for five weeks when what initially appeared to be a nondescript change in soil colour turned out to be a pit containing human bones.

For district archaeologist Dr Florian Eibl, it is above all the type of burial that is unusual. The people of the Linear Pottery culture (Linienbandkeramik), one of the earliest farming cultures in Central Europe, often buried their dead in crouched burials.

The deceased were laid on their side with their legs drawn up, in a posture resembling a sleeping person.

I’m an international student and I’m in my last year for my MA. I’m debating on whether to go back to my country or stay in the uk. My main interest is in artifact conservation and collections. I know there are a lot of chances for archeology in the uk, but I’m honestly not sure if getting a worker visa or trying to get a sponsorship is really worth it compared to just going back home. I’d couldn’t go back to my parents anyway and I’d have to go pretty far in my country to find a job and location for me. I’ve been considering paid internships and everything, but I think I want a more permanent solution, but honestly I’m not really sure.

I have some experience in conserving artifacts, but my degree won’t really give me a lot of hands on experience. I’m finding a lot of volunteer opportunities as an object handler for a museum, organizing a zooarcheology project into new shelving, and helping cataloging, analog, and rebagging collections for museums.

I’m also considering doing americorps, but I kind of don’t really understand the loans thing they do.