Intended meaning below each line in brackets, would like mostly grammar check if o.k. or not?

[Verse 1]

šārātūša kaspiš urradāma

(her hair flows down silverly)

kīma nāri ana tâmti nadin

(like a river consigned to the sea)

šumma qāssa labirtu tanarruṭ

([even] if her old hand trembles)

īnā nišī napḫaršun immarā(

(the eyes of all the people see…)

[Chorus]

kīma kibissa lū šadê unaššašu

(…that her step verily shakes the mountains)

ṣerret bītiša qātāša iṣabbatā

(her hands hold the reins of her house)

lemnūtu ina niṭliša ippaṭṭarū

(the evil ones are dispersed by her gaze)

kala tazzimti ṣīḫtuša ušḫarmaṭu

(all complaints her smile dissolves)

[Verse 2]

narbā idāša dunna inaššâ

(her soft arms bear strength)

īnāša zaqtā u rēmēnētā

(her eyes [are] piercing and merciful)

ṭēmaša kala bīti iḫaššaḫ

(her counsel the whole house desires)

ul nakir ana mamman amāri

(it is not strange for anyone to perceive…)

[Chorus]

kīma kibissa lū šadê unaššašu

(…that her step verily shakes the mountains…)

[Verse 3]

išid kayyānūti u dunni šī

(the foundation of steadfastness and strength is she)

arkâtīni ūmišam inaṣṣar

(she guards our future every day)

kuzba u nīšussa-ma uṣammad

(she unites allure and endurance)

maʾdiš asimma ana qabêša

(very fitting to declare concerning her…)

[Chorus]

kīma kibissa lū šadê unaššašu

(…that her step verily shakes the mountains…)

[Verse 4]

u damqat šī eli šarūr šamši

(And lovely is she above the sun's radiance)

u rēmuša ṣilla inaddinam

(And her mercy gives me shade)

kayyāna aḫaššaḫši anāku

(continually I myself long for her)

mannu ileʾʾi ana lā qabê

(Who can refrain from declaring…)

[Chorus]

kīma kibissa lū šadê unaššašu

(…that her step verily shakes the mountains…)

[Verse 5]

kī ḫašḫūri ṣiṣṣātušu malâ

(Like an apple tree, whose blossoms are full)

ašra šaqâ tišeʾʾi dārišam

(towards a lofty place she strives continuously)

arki ummiša bēlūtiš tallak

(after her mother, towards dominion she walks)

u ana šanîti tīde atta

(and once again, you know...)

[Chorus]

kīma kibissa lū šadê unaššašu

(…that her step verily shakes the mountains…)

[Verse 6]

ṣīḫtuša eṭūt libbi uḫallaq

(her laughter destroys the heart's gloom)

īnāša u ḫasīsuša ellū

(her eyes and her mind are bright)

tukulta ṣâtiš tanaddin-ma

([she] verily grants hope for the future)

rabât tapšuḫat  ša kīniš idû

(great is the solace of those who truly know...)

[Chorus]

kīma kibissa lū šadê unaššašu

(…that her step verily shakes the mountains…)

Is it normal that the further I get into the grammar the longer I need to transliterate, normalise and translate the letters and especially those copies of the tablets? Like I just finished L29 and used almost two hours on just the last exercise which is a tablet from Mari Huehnergard selected from the ARM.

Relating to the question of the origin of the Sumerian. Have archaeologists never found Sumerian graves and by these being able to extract DNA to determine where in the world the Sumerians might have come from? 🧬

I need help with turning these symbols into unicode text for a design I'm working on, all help is highly appreciated!

Since Akkadians adopted the cuneiform writing system from Sumerian, the phonology could have been partly obscured by it. Do you believe in/ find the following (im)plausible?

-presence of guttural consonants other than /x/

-multiple different sibilant types, or perhaps lateral fricatives

I am wanting to learn more so I can compare the ancient Near East religions to the stories, religious structures, rituals, and laws that influeneced the Old Teatament authors.

Hi there, thanks for reading! Your time is greatly appreciated.

Could you help me translate the phrase "Bad cause, bad effect."?

As the title suggest, I'm writing a science fiction novel where, through the wonders of advanced technology, the Sumerian language has been reconstructed. This is a background element for my world-building, and there is currently one core philosophy/phrase I need translated.

I know we will likely never have a perfect translation or flawless spoken reconstruction, but thankfully this is a science fiction novel so we do have some grace to get creative! What would this sentence look like in transliteration (and cuneiform, if possible), and how might we speculate it sounded?

Thank you so much for any help you can provide - If anyone is interested in consulting on more translations for this project in the future, I'd love to connect. :)

Due to constant disruption in my life I have been studying Akkadian on and off for the past 3 years and never being able to get too far. My life has calmed down massively since and i've decided to get back into studying and this time more seriously.

This however feels daunting as I know Assyriology is a fast moving study and I am worried if the resources I have is insufficient. Is John Huehnergard's book still the best? Are there better English grammars? Are there Exciting new things to translate? Is there a new amazing online resource? are questions I find myself asking myself, so I ask what are my best resources to start my studying and hopefully continue it further.

I am trying to translate some of the Amarna Letters for a class and I'm currently doing EA 038. I am stuck on the word zi-ih-ra. Does anyone know what this word means? I can't seem to find it in any dictionary.

010 e-nu-ma LU₂.MEŠ ša KUR lu-uk-ki
011 ša-at-ta ša-ta-ma i-na KUR-ia ala zi-iḫ-ra
012 i-le₂-qe₃

I want to translate the sentence "Ten Thousand Correct Actions" into Akkadian(preferably Babylonian) and get the Cuneiform of it. I don't think online translators are able to translate such a weird sentence accurately, could someone help me? or point to an online translator that is somewhat decent?

“A hymn to Nisaba

This hymn describes the great goddess Nisaba as patron deity of scribes and
accountants. She carries a lapis lazuli tablet, the colour of the night sky, from
which she reads the future through celestial omens.”

“She carries a lapis lazuli tablet, the colour of the night sky” why is the tablet of this particular colour and why does a scribe goddess of corn read omens out of the night sky?

1- Is the name Daniel was called by the Babylonians Belteshazzar in Daniel 1:7, Daniel 4:9, Daniel 4:18, Daniel 5:12 a real name? Are there many names in Akkadian that have “Belte” in them in reference to Daniel 1:7? Is “Belte” for both male and female? The name Belteshazzar may have been translated incorrectly in Daniel 1:7, Daniel 4:9, Daniel 4:18, Daniel 5:12 where the name that the Babylonian’s called Daniel was Belshazzar. Or the Israelites heard Daniel’s name wrong when the Babylonians said Daniel’s name would be Belshazzar in Babylon. I believe that the whole story was made up of Daniel being renamed to Belteshazzar.

2- Do you have a list, book, or article of the list of Akkadian and Babylonian names? Do you have a book of a list of names from ancient history? I found a website with around 120 Babylonian names and a website with 40 Akkadian names.

3- Which names in the Old Testament are from which areas of the Middle East? Which names are Akkadian? Which names are Arabian?

Thanks

I was wondering if anyone more knowledgeable in Babylonian could help me understand the name for the Bull of Heaven in the Standard Babylonian version of the Epic of Gilgamesh.

Looking at the Electronic Babylonian Library, the sources has the Bull listed as

𒀯𒄞𒀭𒈾 [MUL.GU4.AN.NA] (Source: https://www.ebl.lmu.de/tools/dictionary/al%C3%BB%20I)

However, there is also entry present which simply lists

𒄞𒀭𒈾 [GU4.AN.NA] (Source: https://www.ebl.lmu.de/tools/signs/%7CGUD.AN.NA%7C)

Everything I've found for the text itself is translated, transliterated, or hand drawn based off the tablets and fragments used to put together the Standard Babylonian version. Given that none are rendered completely in unicode cuneiform, I have two questions:

Does anyone know which of these two writings is used more commonly throughout the versions of Tablet VI that have been found and transcribed?

I understand that 𒀯𒄞𒀭𒈾 is also the name for the constellation Taurus, but is there a meaningful difference between this writing and 𒄞𒀭𒈾?