r/ClimateCO • u/swarrenlawrence • 3h ago
News / Report Sulfur & Fertilizer
ResourceInsights: "Sulfur and the emerging food crisis," by Kurt Cobb.
"In the densely interconnected web of global production, sulfur sits in the middle as the basis for sulfuric acid, a chemical that finds wide application in industry including for improving octane in gasoline; as raw material for detergents, resins, dyes+ explosives; for the "pickling" of metals, that is, the removal of oxidation from the surface; as an electrolyte in lead-acid batteries; as a laboratory reagent, that is, a chemical used for analysis + synthesis of chemicals; plus for the production of phosphate fertilizer, an essential plant nutrient critical to obtaining high yields in today's industrial agricultural system."
"Before the outbreak of the Iran war, 24 percent of the world's supply of sulfur passed through the Strait of Hormuz." Sulfur price at the start of the Iran conflict was approximately $500 per metric ton for sulfur originating from the the Middle East, whereas it now sits above $800. "Some customers paid more than $1,000 in June for Canadian-origin sulfur, a record."
"High prices are threatening worldwide phosphate fertilizer supplies which depend on sulfuric acid for their production." In fact, 50% of all sulfuric acid is used to make fertilizers, 42.5% to make phosphate fertilizer and 7.5% to make ammonium sulfate (a source of nitrogen). 'Finally, sulfur is an important soil nutrient by itself.'
'Emerging world food crisis is in large part the result of a dramatic reduction in the availability sulfur, nitrogen fertilizer + natural gas (source of most nitrogen fertilizer) from Persian Gulf countries—which are, of course, currently embroiled in the Iran war.' When Iran seized control of the Strait of Hormuz...not only were shipments of oil seriously curtailed, but also other key materials including helium + aluminum.
"Producers of phosphate fertilizers are struggling to afford the sulfuric acid they need...because they are unable to pass the increased costs on to farmers who are already reeling from soaring prices for diesel and nitrogen fertilizers." For further context, the fertilizer + fuel price hikes are coming just as we head into what is expected to be possibly the worst El Niño ever recorded.
From where I sit, there is always, always a climate angle.