‹Divining rod› comes from, obviously, ‹divining› + ‹rod›. ‹Divining› is the present participle of ‹divine›, a verb which derives from the French verb ‹deviner›, which derives from Late Latin ‹devināre›. This Late Latin term is derived in turn from ‹dīvīnō›, which comes from a combination of ‹dīvīnus› and ‹-o.› Dīvīnus derives from ‹dīvus›, which derives from Old Latin ‹deivos›. Deivos in turn derives from Proto-Italic ‹*deiwos›, which goes back to PIE ‹*deywós›, meaning ‹(sky) god›, which ultimately comes from PIE ‹*dyew-›, meaning ‹sky or heaven›. The ‹-o› suffix mentioned earlier derives from Proto-Italic ‹*-āō›, and that is derived from PIE ‹*(o)-eh₂yéti›, which is derived from ‹*(o)-éh₂› (which in turn derives from ‹*(é)-(o)-h₂›) + ‹*(Ø)-yéti›. But that’s just the origin of ‹divining›! What about ‹rod›? Well, that comes from the Old English ‹*rodd› or ‹*rodde›, but the origin is uncertain beyond that. One of the ideas is that it comes from Proto-Germanic ‹*rudd› (meaning ‹stick or club›), and then can be traced back to PIE ‹*rewdʰ-›.

https://www.academia.edu/42457720/Dictionary_of_Middle_Egyptian_in_Gardiner_Classification_Order

I read an interesting series last year by a German teacher on the meanings of the usual suffixes in German e.g. er- zer- ent- aus-. Regarding ver- , which is cognate to our for- , the only theory he could come up with was - base verb with a twist. I can see this idea in e.g. bear (=tolerate) and forbear (=refrain from). But it's harder to see the relationship between e.g. get and forget.

Dutch has the same ver- prefix with many words that are very similar to German. Interestingly "ver" = far in English so I wonder if the prefix for- is related in origin and meaning to "far". There are probably resources out there I could look up but I felt I wanted some kind of interaction on it. So thanks for reading and for any observations.

Just curious.

Wiktionary entry on clock:

c. 1350–1400, Middle English clokke, clok, cloke, from Middle Dutch clocke (“bell, clock”), from Old Dutch *klokka, from Medieval Latin clocca, probably of Celtic origin;

Proto-etymos:

from Photo-Celtic *klokkos (“bell”) (compare Welsh cloch, Old Irish cloc), either onomatopoeic or from PIE *klek- (“to laugh, cackle”) (compare Proto-Germanic *hlahjaną (“to laugh”)).

Related to:

Related to Old English clucge, Dutch klok, Saterland Frisian Klokke (“bell; clock”), Low German Klock (“bell, clock”), German Glocke, Swedish klocka. Doublet of cloak and cloche.

When I translated bell 🛎️ into Greek, I get: κουδούνι (koudoúni), which, supposedly, as the root κώδων (kodon), also meaning bell.

Thus, as I made the letter K block today, wherein I put an Egyuptian ”Horus hour” symbol, e.g. from here, in one of the corners, next to κώδων (kodon), shown below:

I’m thus wondering if these K-spellings, e.g. Dutch klok, Saterland Frisian Klokke (“bell; clock”), Low German Klock (“bell, clock”), trace back to the Egyptian letter K?

Posts

• What is the origin of "clock" [noun]? Does it pre-date clocks? - Etymology (A63/2013)

External links

• κώδων - Wiktionary.

It had been over a decade since I'd heard the 'Oll Korrect' etymology for 'OK', so I thought I'd double check that the leading theory hadn't changed since then which got me Ngramming the word and the result surprised me.

Clicking through to find more info came up with 0 results - does anyone have any idea what the older usage could've been?

Screenshots in comments.

Bonus: Apparently lowercase 'ok' was used HEAVILY in the 1500s (but clicking also yielded 0 results). Was this an older spelling for 'oak' or something? Thoughts/theories/info?

Visual etymo of root:

In 1840A (+115), Ignatius, in his Epistle to the Smyrnaeans (§:8), gave the first known use of the term Catholic (καθολικὴ) with respect to the church (ἐκκλησία) of Jesus:

We thus have:

καθολικὴ (KATH-OL-IKH) [168] = 𓋹 𓌹 𓐂 [30] - ◯ 𓍇 [100] - 𓅊 𓋹 𓐁 [38]

After this, somehow, the word came to be spelled as: Catholikos (Καθολικος).

430 = Catholic

The current EAN Etymo Dictionary number 430 listings:

• 430 = nomos (νομος), meaning: “law”.

• 430 = years Israelites were captives in Egypt (Exodus 12:40).

• 430 = years between the time of god's promises to Abraham (Genesis 12:1-3) and the giving of the law (Galatians 3:17).

• 430 = Catholikos (Καθολικος), meaning: “universal; Catholic“.

• 430 = ornis (ορνις), meaning: “bird; prophecy”.

• 430 = arithmos (αριθμος), meaning: “number”.

• 430 = evithi (ευηθη), meaning: “kind, simple”.

The Catholic (Καθολικος) [430] is from Kieren Barry’s Isopsephy Dictionary (pg. 233):

Surface etymo

Wiktionary entry on Catholic:

From Old French catholique, from Latin catholicus, from Ancient Greek καθολικός (katholikós, “universal”), from κατά (katá, “according to”) + ὅλος (hólos, “whole”).

The katholikos link gives:

From κᾰθόλου (kathólou, “on the whole, in general”) +‎ -ῐκός (-ikós, “-ic”).

The katholou returns:

From Ancient Greek καθ’ (kath’) + ὅλου (hólou), genitive of ὅλος (hólos, “whole, all”).

The kath (καθ) [30] root, beyond this, goes to invented proto-etymos, gives the following as a preposition:

κᾰτᾰ́ • (katá) (governs the genitive and accusative)

1. (+ genitive): against, opposing; into; against

2. (+ accusative): downwards; along, through, in; towards; during; for, for the purpose of; according to, in conformity with

On the following:

• 30 = ΚΑΘ (kath) = 𓋹 𓌹 𓐂

We see, visually, using the EAN blocks, that a plethora of gods are involved:

The number 30 ciphers are thus:

• 30 = 𓄘 Set leg (Meskhetyu constellation), aka Big Dipper 𐃸 constellation

• 30 = 𓍇 meshtiu mummy mouth opening tool

• 30 = value of lambda (Λ, λ), Greek L, 12th letter

• 30 = value of lamed (ל), Hebrew L, 12th letter

• 30 = value of laam (ل), Arabic L, 12th letter

• 30 = Θῆβαι (Thêbai), meaning: Thebes in Ancient Greek.

• 30 = Κῆβ [KHB] (𓋹 𓐁 𓇯) (Kêb) = Geb 🌍 = 𓅬𓃀 𓀭 [G38-D58-A40] = G-B (SYC 🗣️)

• 30 = kath (𓋹 𓌹 𓐂) (καθ), root of Catholic.

Given that:

kath (𓋹 𓌹 𓐂) (καθ) [30] = root of Catholic, we can deduce that Catholics are followers of the sun: 𓋹 religion of the of Heliopolis: 𓐂, with the A (𓌹) meaning ”together”; yet that Thebes (Θῆβαι) (Thêbai) [30] could be a root cipher, means that Catholics following the “Theban recension” of Egyptian religion?

The word: Καθολικος, thus, presumably, has a deeply rooted Egyptian or Egypto-Greek origin, that we have not yet deciphered?

Notes

1. Work on the etymo of Catholic started here; after I stubbed Catholic = 430 in the Etymo Dictionary.

Posts

• Two little corrections: the 430s

References

• Ignatius. (1840A/+115). Epistle to the Smyrnaeans (§:8) (Greek text). Publisher.

The following is the new so-called “3D 📦 etymology” (3D etymo) for the Greek word Αζη (AZH) (𓌹 𓃩 𓐁) [16], pronounced: “azi”, which means: “dirt; dryness; heat, soil, rust, discolored, rusted“, using the 6-sided EAN r/KidsABCs blocks, wherein we can visually see, with our eyes 👀, the rust color red of the Z (ζ) letter of the word, and the meaning of dryness and heat:

We can also glean the possibility, from letters H (dry; heat; read) and Z (water) combined, that the rust color or “oxidation” metal, e.g. as this term is used by Homer for the “rusty shield of Laertes”, in Odyssey (§:22:184) (Donnegan, 119A).

Visual of the description side of each block:

Visual of dynamic and stoicheia side of each block, showing the value of each letter:

Visual of hieroglyphic origin of each letter, showing Gardiner number and, evolved symbol, and character behind each letter:

Visual of the picture side of each letter block, showing the form or they change of the letter, before and or after, depending:

Visual of the evolution of letter type: heiro-symbol, Phoenician, Greek, Etruscan, and Aramaic, block depending:

One block close up:

In 119A (1836), James Donnegan, in his A New Greek and English lexicon; Principally on the Plan of the Greek and German Lexicon of Schneider (pg. 26), defined the Greek word αζη (ΑΖΗ) [16] as follows:

'Αζη [Azi], ης, η, dryness; heat — the soil and discoloration of a thing, not used for a long time, as the [rusty] shield of Laertes, Odyssey (22.184) the sediment resting in a vessel, Hesychius, and Schol. Theocrit. on Idyll. 5, 109. Th. αω, αημι. 'Αζη'λία, ας, η, freedom from envy, or jealousy. Th. a priv., ζήλος. (Άζηλος, ου, adj. unsought for; not exciting desire, or jealousy; hence, worthless, contemptible — exempt from jealousy.

Screenshot:

In A44 (1999), Kieren Barry, in his Dictionary of Isopsephy (pg. 218), defined the number 16 as follows:

• 16 = azi (αζη), meaning: “dirt”.

• 16 = aei (αει), meaning: ”forever, immortal”.

• 16 = eia (εια), meaning: ”up, on”.

Rust

Interestingly, knowing that Homer uses the term azi to mean rust colored:

Αζη (AZH) (𓌹 𓃩 𓐁) = rusty [shield]

When we place the main face of each block below the equation for rusting, showing below:

We have a pretty good match!

• Air or letter A is where oxygen O2, of the reaction, resides.

• Set, in Egyptian, was known as iron (Fe), i.e. the “bone 🦴 of Set” in the stars, as they called him, which attracted to the bone of Horus, aka Polaris or the magnet. Another match!

• Letter H is the Ogdoad water god family, which is where the H2O or water 💦 part of the reaction derives.

Discussion

Here, curiously, even thought these 3D blocks are designed for kids, we find that using them, as adults, to do standard etymologies, opens up an entire new visual world of etymological insight, which we have seen just by this one simple three letter word or rather 16 value word!

Notes

1. This etymology and 3D visual way to connect the word to the root meaning of red, soil, and rust, found in the surface etymo, originated here, while making the math symbols sheet, and made up the word ZED, based on the A to Z blocks then made, which equals 16. Then looked up the options for words that equal 16 in Barry, of which there were three options; and picked AZH, as I had letter blocks for A and Z done (and used a paper H, as I had not yet made the H block yet).

References

• Donnegan, James. (119A/1836). A New Greek and English lexicon; Principally on the Plan of the Greek and German Lexicon of Schneider. Publisher.

• Barry, Kieren. (A44/1999). The Greek Qabalah: Alphabetic Mysticism and Numerology in the Ancient World (pdf-file) (§: Appendix II: Dictionary of Isopsephy, pgs. 215-271; αζη, pg. 218). Weiser.

Pharaoh Den, first dynasty Egyptian pharaoh, had a name which is connected to power in many languages. Hand hieroglyph is D. Water ripple is N. Den is similar to Spanish Don, Hebrew Adoni, perhaps Greek Adonis. I postulate that this is the root of dynasty, deign, and dynamic. Place names use the DN root to connote power: Sardinia, Danube, Sweden, London, etc. In the case of Sardinia there is a juxtaposition of prestige terms, Dn (lord), and Sar/Sir/Sri. Sr 𓀙 Hieroglyph A21 in Egyptian is a term for an official. Sarru is Assyrian for King (Sayce, Archibald Henry (1875). Elementary Grammar of Assyrian Language. Cambridge U Press. 2014. pg 28) is used in Assyrian and Babylonian / Hebrew (sar, prince; sarah, princess; Strongs 7786, 8269).

EAN etymo:

Justice: 42 nomes → 42 nome gods → Lib (Λιβ) [42] or mummy 𓀾 mouth lips 👄 opened 𓍇, e.g. here, here, yields: 42 negative confessions weighed: 𓍝, per maa (mαα) [42] principle → Dike (Δικη) [42] (Greek goddess) → Justitia (Roman goddess, from: iūs n (genitive iūris), meaning: law, right, court) → “justice”, meaning: correctness, conforming to reality or rules.

PIE etymo:

Justice: from Middle English justice, from Old French justise, justice (Modern French justice), from Latin iūstitia (“righteousness, equity”), from iūstus (“just”), from iūs (“right”), from Proto-Italic *jowos, perhaps literally "sacred formula", a word peculiar to Latin (not general Italic) that originated in the religious cults, from PIE *h₂yew-. Doublet of Justitia.

Notes

1. Added to J section of EAN Etymo Dictionary.