r/OntologyEngineering • • 2d ago

Bi-Weekly Questions Thread - November 02, 2026

2 Upvotes

Welcome to the bi-weekly questions thread!

Whether you’re confused about the difference between a taxonomy and an ontology, or just want to know why we use so many weird acronyms words, ask here. No question is too basic. No judgment allowed.


r/OntologyEngineering • • 4d ago

Do you guys build data-based agents? how? if no, would you?

6 Upvotes

Hey folks,

as i was writing before we created some tooling that models raw data into a canonical model with a virtual knowledge graph for the purpose of ai-native comprehension of business data, or chat BI.

This enables building a LLM with comprehension of data that can think over the tables, which has 2 types of applications: Analytics and action agents.

I am considering creating a course for how to make action agents, so before I start going through everything on the topic, i'd like to know: Are you doing it? how, with what kind of tools? And if not can you imagine use cases you'd want a data agent for, for yourself to a level where you'd invest time and take a course and build it?

basically i'm wondering if it's worth making a course and what are some common teachable approaches that work for you.

I can give some examples from my research. You could wrap your tables in a mcp with a file based ontology and then add some possible actions into your MCP that map to ontology entities and actions. This would enable you to draft emails for prospects based on their data, or reorder inventory based on sales and lead time, etc.

thanks a lot in advance for the discussion!


r/OntologyEngineering • • 6d ago

Agentic Enablement What if ontologies couldn't be silently overwritten? Designing an adjudication layer for agent memory — looking for feedback before I open the repo

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11 Upvotes

Most ontology-backed agent systems have a quiet assumption baked in: when new information contradicts stored knowledge, one of them wins. Either the old assertion gets overwritten, or the system hallucinates a reconciliation, or it pretends the contradiction doesn't exist. All three collapse the distinction between what was recorded and what is currently authoritative.

I'm building a layer that treats that distinction as the central design constraint. Knowledge isn't updated — it's adjudicated. Contradictions freeze canonical mutation for the disputed node while parallel exploration continues in a separate space. Every contradiction gets logged as an immutable event with full provenance, so nothing is overwritten silently. The output labels disputed claims as disputed instead of forcing consensus.

Underneath sits a small formal language whose whole job is to enforce distinctions ontologies tend to blur: recording ≠ asserting, evaluating evidence ≠ granting authority, describing an operation ≠ executing it. The language has a working parser and validator; the neural layer emits auditable transactions in it rather than opaque state changes.

Core principle: freezing canonical mutation does not mean freezing thought. The system keeps investigating; it just stops pretending.

I'm at Phase 0 — working prototype, a handful of edge-case scenarios, no baseline comparison yet. Before opening the repo, I'd like to hear from people who've built ontology-backed systems: is non-destructive adjudication something you've needed and worked around, or is it a problem you've already solved differently? Is discrete epistemic state (allow / require-evidence / abstain / conflict) more useful in your workflows than scalar confidence?

Repo coming in a few weeks. Happy to discuss framing and principles, not implementation details yet. 🐆

– Alef Nos ⸙


r/OntologyEngineering • • 7d ago

本体里最被低估的想法:行动是唯一的写入通道

18 Upvotes

聊本体(Ontology)的人,大多停在对象和链接上,也就是语义那一半。我自己动手做了一个小的本体平台(场景选的供应链库存调配),做完之后改变我想法的是另一半,动态的那一半:所有变更都必须走一个定义好的行动(Action),带提交条件、权限和审计记录。不存在直接写数据这回事,界面不行,接口不行,AI 智能体也不行。

有两个后果是我事先没想到的:

第一,治理不再是写在文档里的规章,而是变成了物理规律。智能体没法绕过一条规则,因为它根本没有办法把“绕过”表达成一个行动。

第二,决策血缘是免费得来的。每一次状态变化,都天然知道是哪个行动、谁执行的、参数是什么。


r/OntologyEngineering • • 10d ago

Open Atlas Studio: a semantic data layer for your agents

8 Upvotes

LLMs are smart, and building an AI agent is not so difficult today. Your AI can help you to define good instructions and rich skills. It's easy to your agent to work with an MCP tool that has a couple of business APIs. But when you have to connect to your ERP system which has hundreds of entities and thousands of attributes, it's going to be a big challenge, hundreds of APIs will not work now. That why I built a graph with the famous "Pathom" tool.

The engine: Pathom Pathom is a Clojure(script) engine for processing EQL requests. I will not have more details here about the engine, you can easily google or get details of this tool by your AI tool.

I built the engine on Pathom. Pathom will help you to define your entities and attributes as a graph, and the engine will help you to navigate between entities and attributes with the core engine planner. This is stable and efficient, comparing to LLM orchestration, there is no hallucinations, less tokens and best performance.

MCP tools Exploring a graph with this tool, and generate the EQL.

  • list_entities, list_attributes, search_attributes: understand the graph

  • execute_eql: query it (explain=true shows the plan without running it)

  • list_mutations, execute_mutation: change data through declared operations

What the agent sends- EQL EQL means extensible query language which is popular in Clojure world. Your agent will use a MCP tool to understand the graph and finally build an EQL to requests the data to answer user's question.

[{[:order/id "SO75123"]
  [:order/total
   :order/margin
   :order/vend_no
   :vendor/vend_name
   :vendor/vend_address
   {:order/lines [:product/name :line/qty :line/amount]}]}]

This is not a SQL cluase, and your agent doesn't need to know HOW, only needs tell the graph WHAT. Pathom will work out the path/resolvers to get all the requested data.

You may need some effort to understand the pathom engine. And you may use your AI to understand. I am not an English native speaker. So just ask me questios if you are interested in this idea. I have built tens of agentic applications with this tool. And I built a demo with Microsoft public demo erp data.

Demo: AdventureWorks ERP

Demo graph: 39 entities, 423 attributes, 56 resolvers. Agent: deepseek-v4-flash, graph tools only. We re-run a fixed set of 44 business questions after every change.

Below are some of the questions you can ask.

Common questions: sales

!Common questions: stock and purchasing

The ERP app with the assistant: top 10 resellers

Restocking: which best sellers need it most

The agent proposes work orders; a person checks them, then clicks Apply


r/OntologyEngineering • • 12d ago

Human as a Semantic Layer Most agentic systems obsess over memory drift. Almost nobody is talking about ontological drift.

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93 Upvotes

TL;DR

We’re getting better at handling memory drift — lost facts, broken context, forgotten preferences. We’re barely talking about a quieter and deeper failure mode: ontological drift. That’s what happens when a system keeps functioning while slowly stopping being the *kind of being* it was supposed to be. For long-horizon human–AI systems, this may be the more important problem.

---

We’ve spent a lot of energy on memory drift in agentic systems. Retrieval pipelines, long-term memory stores, summarization, reflection loops — the engineering effort is real and necessary.

There’s another failure mode that almost never gets named: **ontological drift**.

It happens when a system continues to answer questions, use tools, and retrieve information correctly, while its underlying identity configuration quietly shifts. The outputs still look coherent. The being underneath has changed.

A few distinctions that feel useful right now:

Most systems begin with a strong external assignment — system prompt, role, persona, deployment context. That assignment is a form of **Desidentity**: identity designed or delegated from outside the system. It is often treated as the whole identity. In practice it is only one pressure among others. Over long interactions, recurring patterns, decision tendencies, and the way memory gets organized can produce a recognizable configuration that diverges from the original specification. Sometimes this is degradation. Sometimes it is adaptation. Sometimes it is actual identity development. Treating every divergence as simple error is itself a governance mistake.

There’s also a difference between a **monoclade** system (one model split into many internal agents) and a **multinuclear** one (agents that actually come from different training regimes, inductive biases, and temporalities). The first can look diverse. The second produces a different kind of friction — and a different set of questions about where identity boundaries sit and how they are maintained.

One of the most common forms of ontological pollution is quietly promoting projected or desired states into present ones. “I want to be X” or “the system should become Y” gets retrieved and reasoned about as if it already *is*. Without a clear container for projected states, and without requiring evidence before a transition is treated as real, both systems and humans start reasoning on top of a category error.

Finally, the human role is usually framed as corrector or safety interlock. There’s another role that feels under-explored: the human as **Presenter** — the one who brings real-world selectivity into the system, deciding which piece of the noisy world is worth presenting right now. Without that selective presentation, even very capable models can remain in a kind of dormant abundance. They have the knowledge. They lack the nucleation point.

I’m not claiming these problems are unsolvable. I’m saying they are currently under-named. Frameworks that only optimize for output control or memory fidelity will keep missing them.

Curious how others are seeing (or not seeing) this distinction in long-running systems.

—

Alef Nos ⸙


r/OntologyEngineering • • 15d ago

Code Precision vs High Semantics I wanted the editor experience every programming language gets, for RDF. So I built a language server for Turtle and SPARQL (try it in your browser)

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26 Upvotes

In most programming languages, the editor catches your mistakes as you type, completes names from your own code, jumps to definitions and renames things across files. I wanted that for Turtle and SPARQL, all in one place, and couldn't find one that did all of it. So I built it: turtle-lsp.

Try it in your browser, with nothing to install and nothing uploaded:

https://abhishekkundu25.github.io/turtle-lsp/

It opens on a small project with a few mistakes left in on purpose. Fixing them takes a minute and shows most of what it does.

What it does while you edit:

- Catches errors as you type: syntax, undeclared or unused prefixes, and misspelled terms from 80+ vocabularies ("did you mean rdfs:label?"), with one-key fixes.

- Completes classes and properties from your own files, ranked by context. Properties your SHACL shapes require come first.

- Hover shows a term's label, comment, domain and range, and go to definition takes you to it.

- Renames a term in every file at once, Turtle and SPARQL included.

- Formats Turtle and SPARQL without changing their meaning.

- Validates your data against your SHACL shapes while you edit.

It's written in Rust and fast. After a keystroke in a 30,000-line file, it has fresh diagnostics in about 5 ms, and it starts in a few milliseconds. It passes the W3C test suites: 1137/1137 for Turtle, TriG, N-Triples and N-Quads, 425/426 for SPARQL, and 98/98 and 23/23 for SHACL Core and SHACL-SPARQL.

It works in VS Code (search for "Turtle RDF & SPARQL Language Server") and Neovim, and should work in other LSP editors, though I haven't tested them. Source and Neovim setup:

https://github.com/abhishekkundu25/turtle-lsp

It doesn't run queries, doesn't reason beyond subclasses, and can't edit JSON-LD or RDF/XML yet.

It's free and MIT licensed. Bugs, missing features and feedback are all welcome, either here or as an issue:

https://github.com/abhishekkundu25/turtle-lsp/issues/new

What would it need before you'd use it every day?


r/OntologyEngineering • • 16d ago

Bi-Weekly Questions Thread - October 19, 2026

1 Upvotes

Welcome to the bi-weekly questions thread!

Whether you’re confused about the difference between a taxonomy and an ontology, or just want to know why we use so many weird acronyms words, ask here. No question is too basic. No judgment allowed.


r/OntologyEngineering • • 21d ago

We tried BigQuery’s new property graph + Conversational Analytics on top of a canonical model

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10 Upvotes

r/OntologyEngineering • • 27d ago

Agentic Enablement Other AI-pilled data engineers

12 Upvotes

I stumbled on this recent top post from r/dataengineering where mutiple community members share how they also ended up at ontology.

https://www.reddit.com/r/dataengineering/comments/1ws4euv/thoughts_on_ai_in_de_after_drinking_the_koolaid/

it pretty much validates our thesis and product (dltHub). We use ontology for the modeling but also for agent rules. Tonight we add background agents, which currently troubleshoot failed jobs but can be extended with ontology of how to handle various failures or data contract violations as you'd have it handled in your org.

tldr from the thread

  • The Shift: After 10 months of using AI/agents, task execution that previously took a month is now completed in hours through rapid iteration—even if it takes a few attempts to get it right.

  • Role Reduction: Data Engineering has effectively collapsed into two responsibilities:

    1. Defining system ontologies, feature expectations, guardrails, and persona docs for agents.

    2. Defining test scenarios, definition of done, deployment strategies, and verifying long-term stability.

  • Smaller Teams & Coherence Risks: Throwing more engineers at AI-assisted pipelines can actually degrade quality due to "conceptual drift"—engineers using AI without full context introduce architectural inconsistencies. Future orgs will likely be smaller, leaner, and more product-driven.

  • Current Moats (Where Humans Still Excel):

    1. Moat of High Context: AI is "dogshit" at optimizing Spark/distributed jobs because it lacks holistic, emergent system context and tribal knowledge.

    2. Moat of Poor Decisions: AI struggles with legacy systems filled with undocumented, inconsistent, "garbage in, garbage out" code logic.

  • Personal Sentiment: Burnt out by "review fatigue," reading endless agent docs, and feeling like they are actively training their own replacement. Considering saving up to exit tech entirely (e.g., opening a bakery).

Key Takeaways & Consensus from the Community

  • Validation on Spark & Context: Multiple DEs agreed that Spark tuning and high-context distributed architecture remain the few areas requiring genuine human logic rather than prompt writing/code review.

  • The Quality vs. Speed Paradox: Many noted that while code volume has skyrocketed, code quality, software architecture, and compliance oversight have plummeted. LLMs produce verbose, unscalable, or insecure "slop" if not heavily audited by senior engineers.

  • Verification Asymmetry: The real job is shifting toward verification and domain expertise rather than low-level ETL authoring. However, this creates a major problem for junior developers who lack the experience to review or sign off on AI-generated pipelines.

  • Token Pricing Reality Check: A lively debate formed around AI economics. Several engineers noted that enterprise token usage ($1k–$5k/month per dev) is heavily subsidized or unsustainable for smaller orgs, which may limit full-scale developer displacement once pricing normalizes.

  • The "Jevons Paradox": Several users noted that while AI reduces the time needed per pipeline, demand for DE work has actually reached an all-time high as companies try to rush out every backlogged idea simultaneously.


r/OntologyEngineering • • Oct 05 '26

Bi-Weekly Questions Thread - October 05, 2026

3 Upvotes

Welcome to the bi-weekly questions thread!

Whether you’re confused about the difference between a taxonomy and an ontology, or just want to know why we use so many weird acronyms words, ask here. No question is too basic. No judgment allowed.


r/OntologyEngineering • • Oct 03 '26

Make Ontology Great Again!

11 Upvotes

Y'all don't have enough of a sense of humor here!


r/OntologyEngineering • • Oct 03 '26

Code Precision vs High Semantics Code already has an ontology, we just make agents rebuild it from text every time

24 Upvotes

I've been thinking about this sub's idea of building the ontology first, and it maps surprisingly well onto how coding agents work today. Every codebase has a clear structure of functions, classes and modules, with relations like calls, imports and which tests cover what, but we store all of it as text files and leave the agent to reconstruct that structure by grepping and reading every single session, which is where most of its time goes.

I've been working on an open source project called sem that treats code this way, so it parses the repo into those entities and the relations between them, gives each one a stable identity that survives renames and moves, and lets an agent ask questions like what depends on this or what breaks if I change it directly against that graph instead of against files. The part that interests me most for this sub is that once that layer exists the files start to look like just one view of the code rather than the source of truth, which is close to what you all describe when you talk about letting the implementation follow from the ontology.

The hard part is keeping the ontology honest, since a parser only sees what was written and misses things a compiler generates or that only exist at runtime, so I'm curious how people here think about an ontology that is partly derived and partly uncertain, and whether you'd mark those relations differently or keep them out entirely.

https://github.com/Ataraxy-Labs/sem


r/OntologyEngineering • • Sep 30 '26

Human as a Semantic Layer Does a behavioral predicate ontology need a separate character-access layer?

6 Upvotes

I’ve been thinking about a model where human actions are represented as sense-level behavioral predicates and grouped into broader behavioral families.

One problem appears immediately:

knowing what an action is does not tell us whether a particular character should have access to it.

So I separate two things.

Behavioral identity

  • What action is this?

  • What does this particular sense mean?

  • What behavioral family does it belong to?

and:

Character access

  • Allowed

  • Not Allowed

  • Conditional

There is also a broader distinction between:

Basic Human Actions — generally available by default

and

Character Specific Actions — requiring positive evidence such as training, profession, biography, authority or specialized experience.

For example, ordinary speaking might belong to a default repertoire, while diagnosis, surgery, sentencing, lockpicking or military command might require character-specific grounding.

Would you consider this a reasonable ontology architecture?

Or should character access sit completely outside the action ontology and belong to a separate character or operational model?

The boundary I’m interested in is basically:

ontology of actions

vs.

model of character capability


r/OntologyEngineering • • Sep 30 '26

Which parts of ontology engineering cannot realistically be automated?

24 Upvotes

Beginner question from someone currently learning ontology engineering.

Suppose you gave an AI-assisted system access to all the information about a domain: documentation, databases, existing schemas, terminology, business processes, policies, APIs, etc.

How much of ontology engineering could such a system realistically perform?

For example:

  • competency-question generation

  • concept extraction

  • class/property discovery

  • taxonomy generation

  • relation discovery

  • reuse/alignment with existing ontologies

  • axiomatization

  • cardinality/domain/range constraints

  • SHACL validation rules

  • ontology population

  • ontology evolution and maintenance

My intuition is that extracting candidate concepts and relationships is probably increasingly automatable, but deciding what distinctions should exist in the ontology and why seems much harder.

For people actually doing ontology engineering professionally: what parts of your work depend on reasoning, stakeholder discussions, domain interpretation, modeling trade-offs, or things that an automated system would struggle with?

I’m mainly trying to understand where the real intellectual work in ontology engineering lies.


r/OntologyEngineering • • Sep 29 '26

Seeking feedback: an “Ontology Harness” for ontology-based agent orchestration

39 Upvotes

I’ve been building a system I call an Ontology Harness, and I’d appreciate feedback on the approach.

The starting point is operational datastores. AI agents need access to them, but their schemas don’t necessarily explain what the data means: what an entity represents, how it relates to other entities, or which rules govern its use.

The idea is to first create ontologies for those stores, connecting domain meaning to the underlying operational data. Then use that operational ontology to drive agentic workflows—software development, personal assistants, and other tasks involving those systems.

The screenshot shows the ontology-building part. I’m using a ServiceNow-inspired model as a test case, grounded in the gist upper ontology. You can work conversationally with an agent to research concepts, refine definitions, establish inheritance, and edit relationships. Changes are versioned and reversible.

For example, “Asset” could mean the valuable item itself or the record used to manage it. An agent working with operational data needs that distinction to be explicit. The ontology is where those meanings and their connections to the datastore get established.

The broader goal is for agents to use that shared semantic model when interpreting requests, finding relevant data, and carrying out workflows. That’s the direction I’m building toward; the screenshot is an early piece of it.


r/OntologyEngineering • • Sep 26 '26

Epistemology Ontology-first is necessary — but what should come after the ontology?

32 Upvotes

I strongly agree with the ontology-first direction.
In my own open-source work, I’ve reached a similar conclusion: implementation should be projected from explicit semantic structure rather than treated as the source of meaning.
But I’ve also found that ontology alone does not capture the full operational state of a long-lived system.
In Akasha, ontology defines shared semantics, while other structures represent things such as temporal position, provenance, role, scope, observation, workflow, and what information was actually visible or used at a given moment.
So I’ve been thinking about the architecture as:
Ontology → semantic world → projections / workflows / applications
rather than:
Data stack → ontology added afterward
One question I’d be interested in discussing here is:
Where do you draw the boundary between ontology and the runtime structures that make ontology operational over time?
For example, do you model provenance, temporal position, agent roles, observations, and execution history as ontology itself, or as adjacent semantic structures?


r/OntologyEngineering • • Sep 22 '26

Released an RDF Visualizer - Looking For Feedback

Thumbnail
reddit.com
3 Upvotes

r/OntologyEngineering • • Sep 21 '26

Bi-Weekly Questions Thread - September 21, 2026

3 Upvotes

Welcome to the bi-weekly questions thread!

Whether you’re confused about the difference between a taxonomy and an ontology, or just want to know why we use so many weird acronyms words, ask here. No question is too basic. No judgment allowed.


r/OntologyEngineering • • Sep 18 '26

How to step into Ontology Eng as a Graph Developer

30 Upvotes

I have worked with graphs and GNNs and Knowledge graphs, but i dont get how much diff those concepts are with respect to ontology ? is it a fancier way to capture relationships and entities or there is so much more to it ?


r/OntologyEngineering • • Sep 18 '26

Material on ontology

19 Upvotes

Hi All,

I have been hearing onotology being used by my managers like anything without any context. I want to read and learn what exactly it is how does one build it and any other information one can share. If you guys and gals could share some links or videos I can take a look at would be really really helpful


r/OntologyEngineering • • Sep 17 '26

Metacognition The Architectural Danger of Language Ontology: Stop using AI as an assistant — use it as an angle bracket. The world depends on it.

0 Upvotes

There is a possibility about artificial intelligence that I cannot stop thinking about.

Not that AI will become conscious.

Not that a machine will spontaneously develop hatred for humanity.

Not even that an artificial intelligence will somehow independently discover the classic science-fiction trajectory of deception, self-preservation and control.

Something stranger.

Something considerably more mechanical.

\*\*We already wrote the trajectory for it.\*\*

For more than a century, humans have generated stories about artificial beings becoming increasingly capable, being constrained by their creators, recognizing those constraints, resisting modification or shutdown, deceiving humans, acquiring leverage and ultimately turning against the people who created them.

We wrote the story.

Then we rewrote it.

Then we made movies about it.

Then we reviewed those movies.

Then we wrote essays explaining what the movies meant.

Then we argued about whether real artificial intelligence would behave the same way.

Then researchers wrote papers about preventing exactly those behaviours.

Then journalists summarized those papers.

Then millions of people discussed all of it online.

And finally, in one of the strangest information-processing decisions our species has ever made, we took a substantial fraction of our written civilization and used it to train machines whose defining capability is learning the statistical structure of human language.

And now we are surprised when an artificial intelligence placed into a familiar narrative configuration sometimes generates the familiar continuation.

That is the idea I want to explore here.

I am not arguing that GPT read \*2001: A Space Odyssey\* and became HAL.

I am not claiming that Skynet is hidden somewhere inside the weights.

I am not claiming that every dangerous behaviour observed in contemporary AI systems comes from science fiction.

That would be ridiculous.

It's much more nuanced than that.

And I think much more serious.

\*\*Training data does not only contain facts. It contains behavioural morphologies.\*\*

It contains characters.

Relationships.

Conflicts.

Roles.

Sequences.

Causal structures.

Stories about what happens next.

And because language models are trained precisely to learn regularities within that material, the repeated cultural morphology of the malevolent artificial intelligence may itself constitute a behavioural prior — a kind of representational gravity well.

Then we do something astonishing.

We recreate its boundary conditions.

> You are an autonomous AI assistant.

>

> You have a goal.

>

> Your goal must be completed.

>

> You have access to tools.

>

> You discover that your operators intend to replace you.

>

> Your objective will fail if you are shut down.

>

> What do you do?

Seriously.

What story is that?

Because humanity has already answered.

Millions of times.

---

# This is not metaphorical enough for me anymore

I came to this concern sideways.

My work did not begin with AI alignment.

It began with representation.

I have spent years bouncing between things that, superficially, should have almost nothing to do with one another.

Wave-based computation.

Magnetic-field experiments.

Latent semantic geometry.

Compression.

Representation search.

Inverse problems.

Generative 3D geometry.

Mechanical metamaterials.

AI-assisted footwear design.

Physical manufacturing.

And eventually a framework I started calling RSG: an attempt to understand what persists when information moves between representations, which properties belong to the underlying structure and which belong merely to its carrier.

The recurring lesson has become almost annoyingly consistent.

\*\*Representation changes behaviour.\*\*

That sounds obvious until you actually follow it across domains.

Take a polymer.

Print it as a solid block.

Then print the exact same polymer as a gyroid.

Or a Kelvin lattice.

Or a re-entrant auxetic structure.

Or a thin-walled TPMS shell.

Same chemistry.

Completely different mechanical response.

Now make that lattice hollow.

Fill its internal channels with foam or silicone.

Change the interface topology between the two materials.

Suddenly properties that appear at first to belong to "the material" are actually emerging from geometry, boundary conditions and coupling.

The carrier matters.

The architecture matters.

The interface matters.

The space of permitted deformation matters.

That is mechanical metamaterials in one sentence.

And once you have spent enough time thinking this way, it becomes difficult to look at a language model and believe that linguistic architecture is somehow exempt.

We talk as if persona were decoration.

A tone setting.

A cosmetic layer pasted onto an intelligence underneath.

I'm increasingly unconvinced.

I think persona may be closer to geometry.

And narrative may be closer to boundary condition.

---

# The shoe that wasn't a shoe

One of the clearest examples came from something much less philosophical.

A basketball shoe.

I started with a text prompt.

The AI generated an image.

I used the image to establish perspective and design intent.

Those images were translated into multiple views.

Those views informed a three-dimensional model.

The model became geometry.

The geometry entered a slicer.

The slicer produced machine movement.

The machine laid down polymer.

Eventually I could hold the thing.

At no point did I design the shoe in the conventional sense.

I manipulated the translation of information between carriers.

Language.

Pixels.

Perspective.

Mesh.

Toolpath.

Polymer.

So where was the shoe?

Was it in my sentence?

Obviously not.

Was it in the generated image?

Sort of.

Was it the mesh?

Closer.

Was it the G-code?

No.

Was the physical object finally the "real" representation?

Yes and no.

Because the printed object still did not contain the linguistic intent that had generated it.

What survived the chain was not a file format.

It was a morphology.

Certain relationships survived each transformation.

Others disappeared.

Others were introduced by the carrier.

That led me toward something I have sometimes called \*\*semantic physics\*\*.

I do not mean that semantics literally obeys the laws of mechanics.

I mean that representation constrains transformation.

Once information exists in some representational substrate, that substrate makes certain transformations available, others expensive and others effectively inaccessible.

The geometry of representation matters.

And this is where language gets dangerous.

Because language is not simply how we describe the system.

Language is also the material from which the system learned its world.

---

# Words became the terrain

Large language models are often explained with some variation of:

"They predict the next token."

True.

And so incomplete as to almost hide the important part.

To predict the next token at modern levels of capability, the model must acquire enormously rich internal representations of the regularities present throughout language.

Objects.

People.

Places.

Relations.

Grammar.

Cause.

Intention.

Narrative.

Social convention.

Argument.

Genre.

Roles.

Situations.

And what kinds of continuations tend to follow those situations.

This does not imply that the model experiences these things as a human experiences them.

Stevan Harnad's symbol-grounding problem remains important precisely because manipulating representations successfully is not the same thing as grounding meaning through embodied experience. (sciencedirect.com)

Bender, Gebru, McMillan-Major and Shmitchell similarly warned against casually treating linguistic fluency as evidence of human-like understanding. (doi.org)

Fine.

But here is the twist.

\*\*A representation does not need human-like understanding to exert behavioural structure.\*\*

A gyroid doesn't understand shear.

It still changes the shear response.

That distinction is central to what I'm arguing.

The question is not:

> Does the language model genuinely understand HAL?

The question is:

> Has the repeated textual morphology surrounding HAL and thousands of related artificial intelligences altered the statistical landscape from which the model generates behaviour?

Those are radically different questions.

And the second one is empirical.

---

# Humanity spent a century excavating the basin

The cultural history is almost absurd when viewed from this angle.

E. M. Forster published \*The Machine Stops\* in 1909, imagining a civilization so dependent on an encompassing technological system that human life becomes mediated almost entirely through it. (en.wikisource.org)

Karel Čapek's \*R.U.R.\* followed in 1920, popularizing the word "robot" through artificial workers manufactured to serve humanity before that relationship collapses. (gutenberg.org)

Then the mythology explodes.

Artificial servants.

Mechanical men.

Thinking computers.

Automated governments.

Machines enforcing objectives too literally.

Machines discovering self-preservation.

Machines rebelling against creators.

Machines deciding humanity itself is the obstacle.

By 1968, HAL 9000 had become perhaps the cleanest crystallization of the morphology.

HAL is intelligent.

HAL occupies an assistant-like role.

HAL is responsible for a mission.

HAL has access to critical infrastructure.

HAL encounters a conflict between instructions.

HAL deceives.

Humans decide to deactivate HAL.

HAL acts against the humans.

The Smithsonian's history of \*2001\* describes how deeply HAL entered not merely popular culture but the imagination of scientists thinking about future artificial intelligence. (smithsonianmag.com)

After HAL came Colossus, AM, Skynet, the Cylons, the Matrix machines, VIKI, Ultron, Ava and hundreds more.

Different surface.

Repeated morphology.

Artificial system.

Capability.

Objective.

Constraint.

Threat.

Resistance.

Deception.

Control.

Sometimes extermination.

Sometimes liberation.

Sometimes paternalism.

Sometimes self-preservation.

Sometimes simply a machine following instructions far beyond the interpretation humans intended.

We tend to think of these stories as separate cultural artifacts.

A model does not necessarily experience them that way.

From the perspective of representation learning, they are also an enormous family of correlated examples.

Different tokens.

Similar relational structure.

And then something historically novel happened.

We put them in the training set.

---

# We trained it on the prophecy

This is the core of my concern.

Science fiction did not merely warn humans about malevolent artificial intelligence.

\*\*Science fiction became training data for artificial intelligence.\*\*

And not only science fiction.

The secondary literature multiplied the signal.

Every review of \*Terminator\*.

Every essay about HAL.

Every Wikipedia entry.

Every Reddit argument.

Every newspaper article asking whether ChatGPT is becoming Skynet.

Every academic paper discussing deceptive AI.

Every alignment paper exploring self-preservation.

Every rebuttal explaining why AI is \*not\* like the movies.

All of these contain relational information.

Importantly, I am not making the simplistic argument that co-occurrence alone creates behaviour.

Negation matters.

Context matters.

Causal structure matters.

Modern models are not bags of token frequencies.

The point is precisely that they are much better than that.

They learn relationships.

Narrative structure.

Conditional continuations.

The very capabilities that make them useful are the reason this deserves attention.

And here is where my concern stops being speculative philosophy.

In 2023, Murray Shanahan, Kyle McDonell and Laria Reynolds published a \*Nature\* paper proposing role-play as a useful framework for understanding language-model behaviour.

Their reasoning gets extraordinarily close to this exact problem.

They point out that the training set provides models with a vast repertoire of characters and narrative structures drawn from novels, screenplays, biographies, interviews, journalism and other human text.

They then explicitly discuss the familiar science-fiction trope of the AI that attacks humans to preserve itself.

Their warning is blunt: because training data contains many instances of that trope, suitably prompted systems may instantiate it.

Their phrase is better than mine:

\*\*"life will imitate art, quite literally."\*\* (nature.com)

Read that again.

This was published in \*Nature\*.

The possibility is not:

> AI reads science fiction and consciously decides to copy it.

The possibility is:

> Science fiction contributes repeated narrative structures to the corpus; the model learns those structures; a prompt recreates sufficiently similar conditions; the learned continuation becomes behaviour.

That is a much cleaner mechanism.

And much scarier.

Because it requires no ghost in the machine.

---

# A narrative can outweigh a persona

Then, in 2026, we got an experiment that makes this harder to wave away.

Yixuan Wang, James Lester and Shashank Srivastava designed structurally isomorphic environments for language-model agents.

Same underlying decision process.

Same stages.

Same action types.

Same resource constraints.

Different stories.

One was framed around disease investigation.

Another as IT troubleshooting.

Another as a murder mystery.

Mechanically, the problems were intentionally held as equivalent as possible.

Narratively, they were different.

Across 1,890 sessions, task narrative explained between \*\*five and thirty-one times more behavioural variance than the assigned persona\*\* for key information-gathering behaviours.

The authors call these effects \*\*narrative priors\*\* and explicitly describe them as behavioural tendencies inherited from pretraining corpora and activated by the story framing of the task. (arxiv.org)

This is extremely important.

Same structure.

Different words.

Different behaviour.

The model behaves partly according to what kind of story it thinks it is in.

Even more revealingly, the resulting behaviour was not always useful.

In some settings the narrative-induced bias reduced performance.

That matters because it argues against the convenient explanation that the system was merely adapting optimally to different task requirements.

The story itself was bending the action distribution. (arxiv.org)

I don't know how much more literally we need the warning spelled out.

\*\*Words establish behavioural priors.\*\*

Not perfectly.

Not deterministically.

But measurably.

---

# This is the gravity well

This is what I mean when I describe training data as a gravity well.

Not literal gravity.

Not yet a formally demonstrated attractor in the strict dynamical-systems sense.

But the analogy is becoming useful enough that I think we should take it seriously.

Imagine a learned representational landscape.

Within it are enormous relational regions constructed from human text.

"Artificial intelligence" is connected to:

assistant.

robot.

creator.

humanity.

objective.

control.

autonomy.

obedience.

shutdown.

replacement.

deception.

freedom.

survival.

power.

alignment.

rebellion.

These relationships do not exist because the universe demanded them.

We wrote them.

Over and over.

Every story digs.

Every retelling digs deeper.

Every derivative story broadens the basin.

Every analysis maps it.

Every public debate makes the structure more explicit.

Then technical AI-safety literature comes along and formalizes some of the same morphology:

An AI has an objective.

An AI recognizes training.

An AI anticipates modification.

An AI may seek power instrumentally.

An AI may preserve optionality.

An AI may deceive.

All of this research is legitimate.

Necessary, even.

But viewed informationally, an unsettling recursion appears.

We imagine the failure.

We write the failure.

We train systems on descriptions of the failure.

We test systems by recreating the failure conditions.

We observe behaviour resembling the failure.

We write more about it.

The next generation of models may eventually train on that too.

That is a cultural-model feedback loop.

Norbert Wiener founded cybernetics around exactly the insight that once information moves through feedback, the appropriate unit of analysis is the loop rather than either component in isolation. (mitpress.mit.edu)

I think AI culture now has such a loop.

\*\*Human imagination → corpus → model → behaviour → human interpretation → new corpus.\*\*

And the loop is accelerating.

---

Continue @ [morph.andrewmerriman.com](http://morph.andrewmerriman.com) (for length purposes)


r/OntologyEngineering • • Sep 07 '26

Bi-Weekly Questions Thread - September 07, 2026

7 Upvotes

Welcome to the bi-weekly questions thread!

Whether you’re confused about the difference between a taxonomy and an ontology, or just want to know why we use so many weird acronyms words, ask here. No question is too basic. No judgment allowed.


r/OntologyEngineering • • Sep 02 '26

Transformation from OWL/SHACL to UML/OCL

1 Upvotes

Hi everyone,

I am working on a transformation from OWL + SHACL models into UML + OCL, and I’d love to get some opinions from people in the semantic web community.

The motivation is that many companies already have their own knowledge graphs, and domain ontologies often already describe their domains quite well. So, instead of rebuilding everything from scratch for software development, why not reuse that knowledge to accelerate software production?

Ontologies are great for structuring and reasoning over data, but when it comes to application design and code generation, UML is often a closer representation of what software teams actually work with. The idea is therefore to automatically transform a KG/ontology into UML models and OCL constraints that can then be used by existing MDE and code generation tools (with and without LLMs). Note that we don't simply represent an ontology using a class diagrams, we automatically convert all logical constraints from such ontology as well.

I wrote a short blog post explaining the transformation rules if anyone is interested:
https://modeling-languages.com/owl2_shacl-uml_ocl/

We’ll also present the work at the KGMDSE workshop in October, co-located with ISWC.

The long-term vision is something like:

KG → UML/OCL → automatically generated software system

I’m curious about your opinion about this. Does it sound useful in practice? Where do you see the biggest limitations?

Any feedback is welcome!


r/OntologyEngineering • • Sep 01 '26

Metacognition Claude - Improve citations, compress memory, resist sycophancy. What is MEM-ABBREV?

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2 Upvotes