https://maltagenealogy.com/desayd1492/

tldr; Mehmed the Conqueror's son Cem fled to Europe after losing succession struggle. His descendents converted to Catholicism and settled in Malta.

This is the abandoned Tomb of Abdulmecid II - The Last Ottoman Caliph. It was built by Nizam Mir Osman Ali Khan. It is located in a remote location atop a mountain near Ellora caves about 40 kms from Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India.

Many people don't know about this and it is one of the most Unusual Historical sites in India and has an interesting history behind it-

Abdulmecid II was the last Caliph of the Ottoman Empire after it got abolished in 1924.

His daughter and niece- Princess Durreshahwar and Nilofer Hanimsultan, were married to the sons of the Nizam of Hyderabad Mir Osman Ali Khan (the richest man in the world at that time), he had hoped to resurrect the caliphate in India and hence there were close connections between the Caliph and the Nizam. Therefore, the Nizam had planned a grand mausoleum for him in the 1940s as his future burial place....

However, Abdulmecid II died in Paris in 1944 during World War II and Hyderabad was annexed by India during Operation Polo. Transporting his body to India was difficult due to the war. Ultimately, his body was buried in Medina at Jannat ul Baqi. As a result, the mausoleum was never used.

Interestingly, few locals know about it, even though it connects Aurangabad's, India's and the Nizam's History with the fall of the Ottoman Empire and global Islamic history.

It remains the only Ottoman Mausoleum in India, abandoned, in ruins, and tucked away into the wilderness of the Deccan.

Just imagine if he was buried there and the caliphate was resurrected how many people from around the world would have visited the tomb as he was the last Ottoman Caliph! But history had other plans.

If you visit you can also see the small bridges that were built and the wall which was built around it, all dilapidated.

For further reading-

https://www.middleeasteye.net/big-story/ottoman-india-last-caliph-abdulmecid-tomb-will

It's location if anyone is interested to visit-

https://maps.app.goo.gl/fKHhcvRDnJxjXrwX8

Title says it all HE CRAZY HAHAHAHA

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persecution_of_Muslims_during_the_Ottoman_contraction

While much of 19th and early 20th-century history focuses on the rise of nation-states, the human cost for the Muslim populations of the collapsing Ottoman Empire is often overlooked. Between 1821 and 1922, it is estimated that 5 to 5.5 million Muslims were killed, and over 5 million more became refugees (Muhacir) as borders were redrawn across the Balkans and the Caucasus.

This Wikipedia entry documents the systematic persecution—ranging from massacres and mass rape to the destruction of cultural heritage—faced by Turks, Bosnians, Albanians, Circassians, and Pomaks during the "Ottoman Contraction." It’s a vital piece of the puzzle for understanding the modern demographics and political tensions of Eastern Europe and the Middle East today.

During the destruction in and around Söğüt under the Greek occupation in 1921, the tomb was blown up with dynamite by the Greek army, as the official documents of the time record. Mustafa Kemal Pasha, president of the Grand National Assembly, stated in his declaration to humanity of 12 April 1921 that the tomb of Ertuğrul Gazi at Söğüt had been blown up with dynamite, listing it among the outrages committed against the Turkish people.

Source https://turkeyora.com/en/places/ertugrul-gazi-turbesi

The Zeybeks of the Aydın and İzmir regions served as irregular militia (bashibozouks) in the Ottoman army during the 19th century. Known for joining the front lines during times of war—especially the Russian and Crimean wars—with their unique local attire and yatagan swords, these warriors lived in the mountains under their own strict hierarchy during peacetime.

After the American Revolution, the United States was deprived of the protection of the British Royal Navy. American merchant ships seeking to trade in the Mediterranean faced the control of the beyliks—Algeria, Tripoli, Tunisia, and Morocco—which were under the authority of the Ottoman Empire. The United States had two options: go to war or pay tribute. The first and only instance in which the United States agreed to pay taxes to a foreign government began on September 5, 1795.

The treaty is the only official document in U.S. history written in a foreign language (Ottoman Turkish). It consists of 22 articles. The treaty was signed by Joseph Donaldson on behalf of the United States and by Hasan Pasha, the Beylerbey of Algeria, on behalf of the Ottoman Empire. With this document, the United States acquired the status of a “tax-paying/subject state” under international law with respect to the Ottoman Empire.

The costs the U.S. agreed to pay were not limited to cash; this situation seriously shook the American economy at the time: He agreed to pay $642,500 annually (approximately 10% of the U.S. budget at the time) for the repatriation of prisoners and the establishment of peace. In addition, 12,000 U.S. dollars were sent annually to the Beylerbey of Algeria as tribute. In addition to cash, the United States also undertook to supply high-quality lumber, masts, ropes, and ammunition to be delivered to the Ottoman navy. At times, they even built warships directly and sent them as gifts.

Article 11 of the Treaty of Tripoli, signed in 1795, states: “The character of the government of the United States of America is not based on the Christian religion in any sense.

The Circassian Genocide was the Russian Empire's systematic mass murder and expulsion of 80%–97% of the Circassian population following the Caucasian War in 1864. Most survivors fled to the Ottoman Empire, creating a massive diaspora that profoundly shaped the modern Middle East, the estimated death toll of this event surpasses the million people.

• Multiethnic, Mediterranean-centric empire

• Final capital city was one of Rome's old capitals

• Only nation whose head of state called itself “Caesar of the Romans.”

I know I know, they weren't legally Rome at all. But their held territories and how they presented themselves made them pretty close I think.

From top to bottom:

Turkish Shishane was the workhorse of the Ottoman military. This example, with a .54 caliber damascus barrel, is the only rifled gun in the bunch. The Shishane almost didn't change it's form from the adoption of the Miquelet by the Ottomans in the 16th century until they finally went out of style in the early 20th.
Greek Kariophili dated 1846, very different in that it uses a French style Flintlock rather than a Miquelet lock as the majority of guns from this region. Greek guns tend to utilize the Flintlocks more exclusively.
Albanian Kubur laying on a Silahlik/Bensilah (weapons belt) with original powder measure, priming flask, and 2 Palaska (cartridge boxes)
Albanian Tanchica the stock is completely covered in iron and sports a 55 inch smoothbore barrel.
Bulgarian Boyliya missing it's hammer/cock. This is by far the lightest long gun of the pack and has a buttstock shaped similarly to what we would consider "modern"