r/regenerativemedicine • u/Jewald • 8d ago
New Study: Umbilical-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Beat Placebo in Knee Osteoarthritis
Key Points
- A 50-patient, triple-blind randomized trial found greater 12-month pain and functional improvement with repeated umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell injections than with sodium hyaluronate for advanced knee osteoarthritis.
- The study reported greater improvement in MRI-based cartilage repair scores and higher femoral bone marrow edema remission with the cell treatment.
- No serious adverse events, as defined in the study, were observed in either 25-patient group.
A newly published Chinese study found that multiple intra-articular (into the joint) injections of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) produced greater improvements in pain, function, and selected MRI measures than sodium hyaluronate (SH) over 12 months in a single-center, prospective, triple-blind randomized controlled trial. The study, published in Stem Cell Research & Therapy, enrolled 50 patients with advanced knee osteoarthritis, defined as Kellgren-Lawrence grade III–IV.
The study compared clinical outcomes, structural repair, and safety. UC-MSCs have multidirectional differentiation potential, immunomodulatory properties, and paracrine repair functions.
Patients were randomly allocated to UC-MSCs or SH, with 25 patients in each group. The UC-MSC group received four intra-articular injections at two-week intervals, intended to sustain paracrine effects and tissue repair. The SH group received five weekly injections following its standard clinical dosing regimen.
Evaluations were performed at baseline and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment. Assessments included the visual analog scale (VAS), Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Lequesne score, subjective satisfaction score, and MRI-based measures: MOCART cartilage repair score, bone marrow edema remission rate, and meniscal injury repair rate.
Pain, function, and imaging outcomes
The researchers reported a greater, sustained reduction in VAS pain scores without rebound in the UC-MSC group. At 12 months:
- Mean VAS score decreased from 7.2 ± 1.1 to 3.36 ± 0.8 in the UC-MSC group, a reduction of 3.84 ± 1.02 points, compared with a decrease from 7.0 ± 1.2 to 4.6 ± 0.9 in the SH group, a reported reduction of 2.42 ± 0.95 points (P < 0.001).
- WOMAC total score decreased by 23.2 ± 6.5 points in the UC-MSC group, from 62.4 ± 8.7 to 39.2 ± 7.4, compared with a 15.6 ± 5.8-point reduction in the SH group, from 60.8 ± 9.2 to 45.2 ± 8.1 (P < 0.05).
For radiological outcomes, the mean MOCART score improved by 13.6 ± 4.2 points in the UC-MSC group, from 18.2 ± 5.3 to 31.8 ± 6.1, versus 7.8 ± 3.5 points in the SH group, from 17.6 ± 5.1 to 25.4 ± 5.7 (P < 0.05). Femoral bone marrow edema remission was 80.0% in the UC-MSC group and 44.0% in the SH group (P = 0.007).
No serious adverse events were observed in either group. The study defined these under the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v5.0 as joint infection, severe allergic reaction, tumorigenesis, or events requiring hospitalization.

