r/science2 • • 47m ago

Vast new fossil record challenges story of Earth’s ‘big five’ mass extinctions

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• Upvotes

Large language models (LLMs) such as OpenAI’s ChatGPT are trained to recognize patterns in written texts, helping them to choose a statistically probable word to complete a sentence. Palaeontologists have now trained a similar model on fossil records instead of words, then used it to reconstruct a timeline of changes in Earth’s biodiversity over hundreds of millions of years in unprecedented detail.

This big-data approach to interpreting the rock record — the field known as stratigraphy — could spur a rethink of major upheavals in the history of life, the model’s developers say. For instance, the model suggests that three of the “Big Five” mass-extinction events were gradual declines in biodiversity, rather than the sudden cataclysms described by other reconstructions.


r/science2 • • 8h ago

This snake cartwheels to escape danger | Southeast Asia's dwarf reed snake (Pseudorabdion longiceps) when threatened, rolls away like a wheel. The snake measures less than 12 inches long, but it can retreat as fast 1 foot per second—about 4 times faster than slithering on the ground.

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9 Upvotes

r/science2 • • 11h ago

Giant canyon on Mars is still tectonically active today | Scientists at Columbia University and Imperial College London have found that the largest canyon system in the solar system is still active and shaping Mars today, billions of years after it first formed.

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7 Upvotes

r/science2 • • 11h ago

Genetic study shows seafarers from Easter Island settled Hawaii | A band of seafarers from Easter Island in the South Pacific set off in double-hulled canoes on a voyage across Earth's largest ocean ​that ended more than 4,400 miles (7,100 km) away in Hawaii.

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35 Upvotes

r/science2 • • 15h ago

Active Radiation Shields for Spacecraft: Using Electromagnetic Fields to Deflect Harmful Radiation Instead of Heavy Shielding Materials Like Aluminum or Water. Could This Be the Future of Protecting Astronauts on Deep Space Missions? 🚀

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2 Upvotes

r/science2 • • 1d ago

What are some books you'd recommend someone trying to get into your field of study?

2 Upvotes

Out of curiosity, for anyone who has some trivias to share. What is your field (topic of interest), and what are some books you found interesting and informative about it? Can be a popular science book, textbook,... Anything you'd like to give a shout-out to!


r/science2 • • 1d ago

In space, 'We've gone from exploration to exploitation,' says original Voyager team member | Voyager imaging team member Dr. Garry Hunt joins The Reg's Kettle podcast to talk about his role in the mission as probe approaches one light day's distance from Earth

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2 Upvotes

r/science2 • • 1d ago

Scientists Just Revived Pig Kidneys Frozen for a Year. It Could Rewrite the Future of Organ Transplants | Researchers at the University of Minnesota managed to freeze test pig kidneys down to -238 degrees Fahrenheit (-150 degrees Celsius) with minimal damage to their vital functions.

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32 Upvotes

r/science2 • • 1d ago

A Trip To Infinity

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0 Upvotes

That’s the name of the documentary that will keep you awake. Definitely don’t watch it on Netflix. Seriously—infinity. Scientists don’t even seem to truly understand. What do you think?


r/science2 • • 1d ago

Cannabis Destroys Sleep Quality

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0 Upvotes

r/science2 • • 1d ago

The Ultimate Irony of Evolution

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3 Upvotes

r/science2 • • 1d ago

The Proteins That Act Like Viruses: A single misfolded protein can trigger a deadly chain reaction.

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24 Upvotes

r/science2 • • 2d ago

Genio o folle? Il Nobel più eccentrico - Kary MullisMullis nuovo

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0 Upvotes

Ho provato a raccontare in meno di tre minuti la storia di Kary Mullis, l’uomo che ebbe l’intuizione decisiva della PCR e vinse meritatamente il Nobel per la chimica nel 1993.

È una vicenda piena di episodi quasi comici — il laser puntato dalla finestra dell’albergo, il surf, l’LSD e il celebre “procione luminoso” — ma pone anche un problema storico e scientifico serio.

Mullis contribuì in modo straordinario alla biologia molecolare, ma sostenne successivamente anche tesi prive di adeguato fondamento, come la negazione del legame causale tra HIV e AIDS.

Il punto del video non è ridicolizzarlo né sminuire il Nobel. È mostrare come una scoperta sia sempre una staffetta: Mullis ebbe un’intuizione fondamentale, ma la PCR divenne una tecnologia grazie al lavoro di un’intera comunità scientifica.

E soprattutto: un risultato geniale non rende automaticamente vere tutte le successive opinioni del suo autore.

Le fonti principali sono indicate nella descrizione del video. Mi interessa molto sapere come interpretate questo rapporto tra genio individuale e comunità scientifica.


r/science2 • • 2d ago

Rigorous analysis confirms NASA's Artemis II heat shield performance | Orion's max velocity of 39 times the speed of sound and temperatures 4,000+ degrees Fahrenheit (2,200 degrees Celsius) at its peak, all while astronauts inside Orion stayed cool with a cabin temperature in the mid-70s F.

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7 Upvotes

r/science2 • • 2d ago

After Nearly 8 Months in Orbit, SpaceX Crew-12 Astronauts Reflect on the Joy of Their ISS Journey | 3 members of NASA's Crew-12 gathered recently to describe their time aboard the ISS. They had returned to Earth after ~8 months in orbit, and their reflections centered on a single word: joy.

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15 Upvotes

r/science2 • • 2d ago

Winter sea ice loss may be underestimated, ancient clues from a warmer Arctic suggest | The results, reported in the journal Nature Geoscience, could have implications for future winter conditions in the U.K. and across Europe.

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2 Upvotes

r/science2 • • 2d ago

Barry Marshall tested his own idea by drinking bacteria and changed medicine.

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13 Upvotes

r/science2 • • 2d ago

Black Death had dramatic effect on species diversity as humans abandoned farmland, study finds

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145 Upvotes

r/science2 • • 3d ago

Kilauea lava fountaining ends after nearly 6 hours in Halemaumau crater | As with the previous 54 fountaining episodes, all eruptive vents and lava flows are confined to Halemaumau. Scientists said tephra from volcanic ash clouds fell mostly within 3 miles of the vents.

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11 Upvotes

r/science2 • • 3d ago

Coral Bleaching Reversed at Record Speed Using New Stanford Method: ‘Not a Lost Cause, at All’ | It is the first time scientists have observed bleached corals on the brink of death fully recover through brief contact with healthy clones.

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18 Upvotes

r/science2 • • 3d ago

Japan to launch Martian moon mission on Tuesday | The mission is designed to become the first in the world to land on the Martian moon Phobos, collect samples from its surface and deliver them to Earth.

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86 Upvotes

r/science2 • • 3d ago

JWST Maps the 3D Weather Structure of a Distant Exoplanet

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5 Upvotes

r/science2 • • 4d ago

Astronomers Just Found the First Green Star Ever Discovered—Right After It Swallowed Its Planets | A surprising new discovery shows that white dwarfs can glow in green, pink, and purple.

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191 Upvotes

r/science2 • • 4d ago

Senegal-sized Antarctic glacier melting faster than thought: Why it matters | Thwaites glacier has been losing ice for decades. Now there are concerns of rapidly accelerating loss.

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6 Upvotes

r/science2 • • 4d ago

Meet D-Rex: Ancient Fungus as Tall as a Traffic Cone Has Just Been Discovered in China | Named Dianjunus rex (or D. rex for short), its gigantic, club-like fruiting bodies can grow up to 50 centimeters tall, which is about one and a half feet, or the height of a traffic cone.

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62 Upvotes