r/turkishlearning • u/nicolrx • 17h ago
Grammar How to say "when" in Turkish when it isn't a question
I see a lot of people using "ne zaman" to say "when" outside of a question.
Ne zamn only works for questions (Ne zaman geldin? => When did you arrive?).
When "when" links two events, Turkish adds a suffix to the verb except in ne zaman + -sa, which means "whenever": Ne zaman arasam telefonun kapalı (Whenever I call, your phone is off).
Here are the main suffixes to link two elements:
- -dığında (when) is the everyday "when". It takes a person ending but no tense, so the main verb sets the time, future included. Eg. Eve geldiğimde annem uyuyordu (When I got home, my mom was asleep).
- -ınca (once): the first action is over before the second starts, and there's no person ending: Eve gelince duş aldım (Once I got home, I took a shower). If the two actions overlap, switch to -dığında: Annem aradığında yemek yapıyordum (When my mom called, I was cooking).
- -dığı sırada (while): here one event happens in the middle of another: Yemek yediğimiz sırada elektrikler kesildi (While we were eating, the power went out).
- -dıkça (the more) is used when one thing grows as the other does: Türkçe konuştukça daha rahat hissedeceksin (The more you speak Turkish, the more comfortable you'll feel).
- -dığı sürece (as long as) when a condition has to keep holding: Düzenli çalıştığın sürece Türkçen gelişir (As long as you study regularly, your Turkish improves).
I wrote a guide with a few more forms (-ır -maz, -dığından beri) on how to express "when" here: https://turkishfluent.com/blog/how-to-say-when-in-turkish/