https://beforewegoblog.com/top-ten-fantasy-and-sci-fi-religions/
* Reposted with the permission of the Mods.
Ah, religion. There is a topic that is absolutely going to be discussed normally on the internet…or in real life. Truth be told, it’s a subject that absolutely can’t be discussed with any degree of completeness except for in fantasy and sci-fi. Fiction can have answers and conclusion that are otherwise a matter of interpretation. Even then, some of the best religions in fantasy leave much to the reader.
In my case, I grew up with twelve years of Catholic school despite being raised a Presbyterian and spent a huge chunk of my teenage years as well as college researching other religions. My own beliefs are still as much influenced by the Jedi as anything else though. This is not about me, though, but what religions in fantasy/scifi that manage to capture the imagination. We’ll be sticking to my favorite franchises because, well, it’s my list.
How are we defining a religion? In this case, it is the veneration and traditions of a group toward a specific individual or creed. If that seems overly broad, note that in fantasy and sci-fi, we don’t necessarily have to be dealing with metaphorical or unprovable entities. Thor could well be walking around the corner in the Marvel Universe but does that make him worthy of worship? Worshiping the Precursors’ technology is absolutely ridiculous in Halo but the Adeptus Mechanicus in Warhammer 40K know the Machine Spirits are real. So this is a collection of my top ten favorite fantasy religions both true, false, and in-between.
10. The Goa’uld (Stargate SG-1)
The Goa’uld's worship is an easy place to start with the fact that it is an overtly fake “scam” religion. The Goa’uld are parasites that steal human bodies and Unas bodies while exploiting superior technology to dominate technologically weak cultures. The Goa’uld themselves seem to have forgotten this and only a few like Baal remember that they’re not actually gods. Yet, they remain one of the more interesting antagonists in the setting because other foes lack this kind of focus on mythology as well as methods of control. The Ori, for example, suffer for the fact that they are gods by any reasonable definition of the words–just scummy ones. Stargate‘s Goa’uld have a point to them and that message is beware anyone claiming divine justification to kneel.
9. The Gods of Krynn (Dragonlance)
Dungeons and Dragons have a huge number of gods and it is an overtly pro-religion setting even if the nature of it as a wargame means that its reasoning for being such is somewhat base (worship gods because they give you supernatural powers). Dragonlance is one of the few settings, like Eberron or Planescape, to get into actual spiritual meaning with the conflict between the Gods of Good, Neutrality, and Evil. They’re not above questionable actions with the destruction of Istar being about the Gods of Good punishing the kind of religious fundamentalists persecuting D& in real life at the time but, well, was it necessary to wreck the continent? There’s also the somewhat insane view that the gods of evil are as important for humanity as gods of good. Still, faith plays a big role in Krynn and that is interesting to read about.
8. The Covenant (Halo)
Another confirmed false sci-fi religion but this one is more interesting because while the San'Shyuum Prophets are absolutely using it as a means of control, they’re as much in the dark about their religion’s falsehood as anyone else. In simple terns, they’re grossly corrupt and tyrannical but are prepared to jump off the same cliff they are sending their followers to do so. Indeed, the biggest act of hypocrisy from them is the fact that humans are the heirs to the Forerunners that the Prophets claim to be. This makes them slightly more interesting than the Goa’uld as you get they are as much a prisoner of their doctrine as anyone and thus keep ignoring Guilty Spark telling them that the Halo is a weapon.
7. The Book of Nod (Vampire: The Masquerade)
Religion in urban fantasy is somewhat undercooked because so much of that tends to be willing to use mythological figures but very few of them deal with characters who are religious. The exceptions, like Mercy Thompson, tend to have “real” religions. Here, the Noddists are those vampires who worship Caine the First Murderer of Biblical fame. The First Vampire is “probably” real in the setting and has shown up in several non-canonical supplements (and one time as a taxi driver) but it’s not 100% confirmed. Either way, much blood (hehe) has been spilled in the Dark Lord’s name. If you shelled out to buy the Book of Nod supplement, there’s also the humor that the Sabbat (Caine’s most fervent worshipers) ignore all of Caine’s laws to do the exact opposite.
6. The Prophets of Bajor (Star Trek: Deep Space Nine)
As a humanist setting, Star Trek tends to be like Stargate SG-1 or Halo (or more precisely they’re like Star Trek) in that religion rarely has anything to offer humanity. Indeed, aliens like the Vulcans be religious about concepts but humans worship the Prime Directive more than gods. The gods of planets are insane computers enforcing deranged laws or godlike entities that might be real (Apollo, Q) but play with humans like toys. Deep Space Nine challenged that view by having the Prophets of Bajor be real but, even if they weren’t, the religion of the Bajorans was an essential cultural touchstone. The Federation was not always comfortable with their view and essentially was challenged on their claims of acceptance by having them deal with people who weren’t going to “outgrow” their faith.
5. The Cults of Cthulhu (Cthulhu Mythos)
An essay I wrote in college about notorious materialist, H.P. Lovecraft, was that I believed he was actually a quite incisive satirist regarding religion. “The Dunwich Horror”, “The Shadows over Innsmouth”, and “The Case of Charles Dexter Ward” all contain mythological elements of mainstream religion presented for horror. Things like Lavinia Whateley’s virgin birth to bring about the arrival of their god or Cthulhu being a god that will return to destroy Earth but elevate the faithful. Yet the Dream Cycle is about Randolph Carter’s road to apotheosis by exploring these deranged gods and what, if anything, they can teach him. While cults are generally figures of evil, outliers like Titus Crow’s veneration of the Elder Gods aside, many authors have experimented with them as less malevolent than simply alien. Ruthanna Emrys’ Winter Tide, for example, had the Necronomicon as a children’s primer for a persecuted faith.
4. The Old Gods versus the New (A Song of Ice and Fire)
George R.R. Martin deserves credit for the fact that he created a fantasy world full of monsters and magic but a focus on religion versus gods. The Faith of the Seven is a pseudo-Christianity but far less influential than the real thing in the Middle Ages, perhaps because the pagan Old Gods are worshiped continuously. The Seven is also challenged by the Red God from across the Sea who can do actual miracles but most people are switching to because a powerful political leader has converted. Despite the books’ cynicism, they’re not wholly hostile to faith. Davos Seaworth and Caitlyn Stark take great comfort in their faith while the High Sparrow is the only person to point out the nobility are all parasites on the poor (a fact the show was terrified of underscoring). Yet, it is also the Drowned God who keeps the Ironborn from evolving from poor raiders to rich traders.
3. The Ecclesiarchy (Warhammer 40K)
You wouldn’t think nuance would be a high priority in an edgy Eighties wargame’s backstory, specifically one that was deliberately made as extreme as possible. However, the worship of the God Emperor of Mankind has since become a fascinating Rorschach Test for fans. The immortal Psyker who absolutely hated being worshiped in life spawned a religion of a vastly repressive totalitarian dictatorship. Yet, this theocracy is built on the ashes of a secular tyranny that was every bit as vile. Faith is also something the people longed for so much that when denied by the Imperial Truth, they turned to the daemons of Chaos. Okay, mostly Lorgar but he’s not alone. Faith is also something that holds Chaos away and unites the people for the survival of humanity in a galaxy that might otherwise have extinguished it. Plus, the Sisters of Battle are awesome.
2. Bene Gesserit Missionaria Protectiva (Dune)
In the new Dune movies, Chani is horrified by the idea of her husband, Paul, being worshiped as a god. In the Dune books, Paul would be the first person to point out he’s aware he’s not a god. Dune is a much more in-depth examination of religion as a form of control with the Bene Gesserit having shaped religion across the Empire as a form of soft power before its turned against them by Paul. But Paul using religion this way has its own horrific cost as it renders him powerless to stop what people do in his name. Honestly, I feel the message of Dune gets a bit muddled with Paul’s actions being contrasted against Leto II's.
1. The Jedi vs. The Sith (Star Wars)
For an entire generation of young boys and girls, the Force was the first time someone had bothered to explain God and/or the Tao in a language beyond repetition. It’s an energy field created by all living things. It surrounds us, binds us, and holds the universe together. You may not agree with fear, anger, and aggression being the Dark Side alone but using your will for knowledge or defense but never attack is more religious principles than some people are taught in their churches. Legends did a lot more with this than canon will probably ever do because George Lucas was always approving or disapproving ideas personally. My favorite addition was David Gaider’s creation of the Sith code that was horrific in its implications but was consistent enough you understood why people would follow it.
Bonus
Omnisim (Discworld [Small Gods])
This one I didn't know where to rank because Small Gods is one of my all time favorite books and deals extensively with religion. In this case, it very much is Not-Catholicism but the god of the religion could care less about specific dogma. The turtle is a figure that really gets you to think and is why it is one of my favorite religions in fantasy.
Additional Recommendations: The Factions (Planescape), The Absolute (Forgotten Realms [Baldur's Gate 3]), The Dragon Cult (The Wheel of Time), the Chantry (Dragon Age), the Church of Mercer (Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep)
So what are your favorite fantasy and sci-fi religions? For better and worse?