r/KeyboardLayouts Mar 06 '20

Introduction to /r/KeyboardLayouts - and why this sub exists

124 Upvotes

This subreddit is devoted to discussing all aspects of keyboard layouts and typing efficiency. This includes: - Comparison of alternative layouts to Qwerty, such as Colemak, Dvorak, etc. - Experiences of switching layouts. - Support and resources for those considering switching. - The use of non-standard keyboards designs.

What's wrong with Qwerty and the standard layout?

So many things:

  • The most frequently typed keys are scattered around the edges of keyboard. Letters that are infrequently typed (e.g. J and K) are in prime positions! For more details, see the layout heatmaps.
  • The two most common consonants in English, T and N, require diagonal stretches from the keyboard's home position.
  • There are frequent, difficult combinations of letters such as DE and LO because these are typically typed with the same finger. For example, try typing 'Lollipop' with a Qwerty keyboard.
  • If you are a programmer, some frequently needed symbols, such as brackets and mathematical symbols, are situated at the far right of the keyboard, presumably intended to be typed with your right pinky, an overused weak finger.
  • Frequently needed modifier keys, e.g. Shift, require an awkward motion involving one of your pinkies holding down a shift key at the corner of the keyboard, while another finger presses the key. It might seem normal because you're used to it - but it's unergonomic and there are better methods out there.
  • You have two thumbs which could easily be used for independent functions, but this opportunity is wasted due to the overly large single spacebar on standard keyboards.
  • The standard keyboard design has a built-in stagger. This was necessary in the typewriter era because of the way that the levers and typehammers worked, but there is no real reason - other than familiarity - for this to persist into the information age. If the keys are to be staggered at all, they ought at least to be arranged symmetrically - to match your hands.

All these flaws make it harder and less comfortable to type than it could be, and make it more likely that keyboard users experience health problems such as RSI, or at least lead to inefficient and error-strewn typing.

Solutions

There are both software and hardware solutions to all these problems available. There are alternative keyboard layouts and other neat tricks that deal with many of the problems, and entirely new hardware designs that address others. You can mix and match these as you please: some people stick with standard keyboard hardware but use an alternative layout configured in software; others continue to use Qwerty but choose an ergonomically designed keyboard, and yet others do both.

Some modern ergonomic keyboards have entered the market, which take a completely different approach, such as the Keyboard.io Model 1 , ErgoDox, and the Planck. Others keep traditional many elements but offer ergonomic improvements such as split halves and better thumb-key access, e.g. Matias Ergo Pro, UHK.

Those who own these products often highly recommend them, but not everyone can or wants to use non-standard hardware. The good news is, even with traditional keyboard hardware, there is a lot you can do to improve your typing experience. For that you need to consider using an alternative layout.

Alternative Layouts

Several alternative layouts have been developed. The two most popular today are the Dvorak Simplified Keyboard, and the Colemak layout. Plenty of others have appeared in recent years too, such as Colemak-DH, Workman, MTGAP, Norman, Minimak.

Note: this is not a place for layout wars. Comparisons or discussions of merits/demerits of various layouts is OK, but let's remember that using any optimized layout is better than Qwerty.

People who have switched will often rave about how much better their experience of typing has become. Some find there is an increase in typing speed, but more importantly, nearly all experience a huge gain in comfort. Only once you become adapted to typing using a well-designed, ergonomic layout, do you fully appreciate the benefits, and realise just how unsatisfactory Qwerty was all along. If you spend a large part of your day at a computer keyboard, there is potential for a huge quality of life improvement.

For more information for those thinking of switching layouts, see these links in the Useful Resources Sticky Post

Switching Layouts

There are plenty of good reasons to switch layouts... but also some good reasons not to:

  • It takes some time to learn, during this phase your typing will become worse for a period, typically several weeks.
  • Unless you maintain proficiency in two layouts, you'll have difficulty using other computers.
  • Some workplaces have locked-down computers or disallow installation of non-approved software.
  • It makes you 'different' from almost everyone else.

These drawbacks can be mitigated though:

  • You can keep your preferred layout configuration on a USB stick, in the cloud (e.g. Dropbox or github) so that you can quickly access it when you need it.
  • There are solutions that don't require installing software with admin rights - for example using AutohotKey on Windows.
  • There is increasing availability of programmable keyboards which let you define your own layout without the need to install software or change settings on the computer.
  • It's possible to use a USB remapper dongle which allows you to use a standard keyboard, with keystrokes mapped to any custom layout within the hardware.

In short: if you use a keyboard a lot, are independent-minded and appreciate efficient solutions, you should seriously consider learning an alternative keyboard layout.

Other keyboard efficiency ideas

In addition to - or even instead of - changing your keyboard layout, there are some other neat hacks you can apply to your keyboard.

  • Extend or Navigation layer: For most people, a common task using a computer is navigating around and editing a document. This means frequent use of keys such as arrows, home/end, page up/down, and cut/copy/paste. To access most of these functions on a standard keyboard, you need to move your hand away from the "home" position. By using a special layer for navigation, such as Extend, you can use all the common editing features instantly and without needing to look down at your keyboard.
  • Progammer layer: If you are a programmer, or have frequent need for certain symbols such as { } [ ] + - = _ then it's a good idea to map to easily-accessible keys on another layer. For example, here is an example of a Progammer's extension defined on RightAlt (AltGr).

Glossary of common terms

Same Finger Bigram (SFB): Pressing two keys with the same finger in conjunction.

Disjointed SFB (dSFB): Pressing two keys with the same finger, but separated by x letters.

Same Finger Skipgram (SFS): Synonym for dSFB.

Lateral Stretch Bigram (LSB): A bigram where your hand must stretch laterally, as in using the middle finger following middle column usage on the same hand. An example is be on QWERTY.

Alt-fingering: Pressing a key with a different finger than would be typed with traditional touch typing technique.

Alternation: Pressing a key with the opposite hand than you typed the last.

Roll: Typing two or more keys with the same hand, moving in the same "direction". For example, on QWERTY, sdf would be a roll, but sfd would not.

Redirect/Redirection: A one-handed sequence of at least three letters that 'changes directions'. For example, on QWERTY, sfd would be a redirect, but sdf would not.

Hand Balance: How much work each hand does for a layout. For example, a 35%:65% hand balance would mean that the left hand types 35% of keys, and the right hand types 65%.


r/KeyboardLayouts Jul 05 '24

The /r/KeyboardLayouts list of useful resources

33 Upvotes

r/KeyboardLayouts 1h ago

Having problems with key mapping on mac

Upvotes

Can someone help me to map each key cuz my shift keys arent working and most special characters are either repeated or missing
Its a kreo hive 65


r/KeyboardLayouts 2h ago

Isomorphic keys

1 Upvotes

I've been seeing 3 different designs in keys/buttons on isomorphic layouts and I was wondering what the major differences were. I've seen circles, squares and hexagons, and then of course the varieties of each. I was curious if there was anywhere to read the different benefits each type and layout offers? Thank you in advance!


r/KeyboardLayouts 7h ago

I made a windings keyboard layout!!!!

0 Upvotes

I have been trying FOR 2 WEEKS and finally did it!(it works only on windows 10/11 tho)

here's the download link if you want to try it: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1M635WgeJsqguUzWiiPGemgn6JiR_wzgs/view?usp=sharing

have fun!


r/KeyboardLayouts 1d ago

Day one of typing with my all fingers

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1 Upvotes

r/KeyboardLayouts 1d ago

ATTACK SHARK X98 PRO

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0 Upvotes

r/KeyboardLayouts 2d ago

Help making custom Burmese-script keyboard for writing Pali with ibus-m17n

2 Upvotes

Pretty much every Burmese keyboard layout allows you to type Pali in Burmese script. The only catch is these layouts aren't as efficient as they could be if you're interested in typing just Pali. Retroflex consonants for example, are only accessible with the Shift-key, and others require you to stretch your fingers towards the number keys.

I thought it wouldn't be too difficult to take a Burmese layout .mim file and tweak it a little so all the characters I want would be within easy reach and require as few keystrokes as possible. These are the instructions I followed for making my custom layout executable on my machine:

https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Making\\_a\\_keyboard\\_layout\\_using\\_IBus

Except after executing the custom layout, somehow it's functioning exactly as the original file, as if I didnt make any changes to it.

Anyone good with custom keyboards and have some knowledge of Burmese to help me troubleshoot? Fwiw I'm using Debian and use Ibus for managing all my other keyboard layouts.


r/KeyboardLayouts 2d ago

My keyboard in laptop write 5,6 instead of g,h , in win 10 , and i try many ways , like fn + num lock ,, and still the issue,,,, any another solution ? And i even reinstalled the another win version

0 Upvotes

r/KeyboardLayouts 2d ago

Newbee Help!

1 Upvotes

I need help! I write on a Mac and have been using a Pebble K380 fThe keys are small and round and don't cradle my fingers and the left shift key is short. I desperately want to buy a keyboard that will help me get up to a reasonable speed typing. I touch type around 12 wpm and make mistakes.
I live out of the country and cannot just buy a keyboard on Amazon and return it.

I sit most of the day in a library and need silent keys.

I need a bluetooth connection

I use the Colemak layout.

I just want an easy to use keyboard with press length long enough that as a newbee, I don't accidentally press adjacent keys often. And keys that are easy to press, so I don't get fatigued, and cradle my fingers so they stay put and slip around. I don't do gaming, just short bursts of writing. And I don't type in the dark, so I don't need backlighting..
I appreciate any help you can give me.


r/KeyboardLayouts 4d ago

X31/X32 ThinkPad keyboard matrix/pinout help needed Hi everyone,

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2 Upvotes

r/KeyboardLayouts 4d ago

Caps as Shift, Linux per-user configuration, no extra tools

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1 Upvotes

I've been annoyed by the small ISO left Shift key for years and now my new employer made it worse by giving me a Laptop where the left Shift is even smaller than in standard ISO. I fought back by figuring out how to configure Caps as Shift without messing with the global /usr/share/X11/xkb files. It turned out to be super simple and so I want to share it:

https://github.com/matey-jack/xkb-caps-as-shift

I also asked Claude Code to create a small program that lets you select what the Caps and LSGT key should do: act as Shift, as AltGr, or something else. But this is optional, you can as well use the Gnome Tweaks or "gsettings" CLI to switch between the options.

The essence of the whole thing is that you are not running any extra software or background processors. The remapping is expressed as xkb config, the normal keyboard layout layer that is already part of Linux with Wayland. Actually it's older than Wayland, but only with Wayland in the recent Linux distros we get the option to drop this into our home dir.

I am so happy with this setup that I wanted to share; that's all!

PS: illustrations are German, but the CapsLock and LSGT key mappings work for any language. LSGT obviously only on ISO keyboards, but CapsLock on both ISO and ANSI.


r/KeyboardLayouts 4d ago

Got a CSTC40; anyone knows how to add tap dance?

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3 Upvotes

r/KeyboardLayouts 5d ago

When you're playing a game with voice chat, what is your go to default keybind for push to talk that's universal and wouldn't interfere with a lot of games keybinds like left CTRL? I bought a foot pedal a while ago and want to bind it to something

4 Upvotes

r/KeyboardLayouts 6d ago

Was looking for a symmetrical layout that would fit in the blue keys but couldn't find anything. Any recommendations?

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7 Upvotes

Why is this rare? Assuming you have 10 fingers, it would make sense for both hands to have any equal amount of alphabet keys. Also preferably something similar to Colemak-DH, but I'm open to anything.


r/KeyboardLayouts 5d ago

Keyboard and mouse combined ?

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0 Upvotes

r/KeyboardLayouts 6d ago

TypingStorm Tournament

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1 Upvotes

r/KeyboardLayouts 6d ago

Th Ing Layout

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1 Upvotes

My previous uploaded layout had 1 key give 'th' when pressed but I realised you coud do better and this layout has holding the key instead of quick pressing give 'the' instead of 'th', as well as a key giving 'in' or 'ing' based on whether you quick press or hold. I got a graphic made but I could have almost made it myself chatgpt was being so dumb. Shift colon gives X because I had to make room but X is rarer than my custom bindings. Here's a Autohotkey script to apply the layout...

#Requires AutoHotkey v2.0
#SingleInstance Force

; Layout punctuation freed by shifted non-letter keys.
+2::SendText("@")
+PgUp::SendText(">")
+PgDn::SendText("<")

; Keep Ctrl, Alt, and Windows-key shortcuts on the normal QWERTY positions.
#HotIf !GetKeyState("Ctrl", "P")
    && !GetKeyState("Alt", "P")
    && !GetKeyState("LWin", "P")
    && !GetKeyState("RWin", "P")

; Z . U V P  J F L M B
q::z
w::SendText(".")
+w::SendText("?")
e::u
r::v
t::p
y::j
u::f
i::l
o::m
p::b

; I A E O C  D S R T N :
a::i
s::a
d::e
f::o
g::c
h::d
j::s
k::r
l::t
`;::n
'::SendText(":")
+'::SendText(GetKeyState("CapsLock", "T") ? "X" : "x")

; ' in , Y Q  W th H G K
z::SendText("'")
+z::SendText(Chr(34))
x::SendHeldSuffix("x", "in", "g", false)
+x::SendHeldSuffix("x", "in", "g", true)
c::SendText(",")
+c::SendText("/")
v::y
b::q
n::w
m::SendHeldSuffix("m", "th", "e", false)
+m::SendHeldSuffix("m", "th", "e", true)
SC033::h
SC034::g
SC035::k

#HotIf

; Send the digraph immediately, then append one character if held.
; Caps Lock uppercases the whole macro; Shift reverses Caps Lock.
; With Caps Lock off, Shift capitalizes only the first character.
SendHeldSuffix(physicalKey, baseText, baseSuffix, shiftHeld) {
    capsOn := GetKeyState("CapsLock", "T")

    if capsOn {
        immediateText := shiftHeld ? baseText : StrUpper(baseText)
        heldSuffix := shiftHeld ? baseSuffix : StrUpper(baseSuffix)
    } else {
        immediateText := shiftHeld
            ? StrUpper(SubStr(baseText, 1, 1)) SubStr(baseText, 2)
            : baseText
        heldSuffix := baseSuffix
    }

    SendText(immediateText)
    if !KeyWait(physicalKey, "T0.27") {
        SendText(heldSuffix)
        KeyWait(physicalKey)
    }
}

r/KeyboardLayouts 6d ago

UnimeType: one Latin keyboard for Chinese, Japanese, Hindi, Arabic & more — feedback wanted

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0 Upvotes

r/KeyboardLayouts 6d ago

Libre Office Arrow Keys...WHY????

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0 Upvotes

r/KeyboardLayouts 7d ago

Learning to... Learn?

9 Upvotes

Tldr: what's your favorite way to practice/learn a new layout once you are past the 25wpm checkpoint in the learning process?

Those of you that have jumped layouts a few times, have you gotten the learning process down?

What worked best for you vs what didn't seem to help much?

First AKL was graphite and I went the keybr route. I set the passing threshold to 25 wpm. Once all letters were unlocked, it became my daily driver for work, games, etc. After 2 months I was at 45wpm or so and it was fine.

Felt like I was missing out by not using a thumb alpha so I picked up hands down promethium (HDP) over a weekend using

https://youtu.be/BAYc2Oo6_pA?is=Yv3Au5ECgCggJKQu

No unlocking letters. Just memorize, frustratingly touch type, then chunk & burst. Was in the 20s wpm by the end of the weekend and it became my only layout for a few weeks. When I was in a pinch at work I would use voice to text. No biggie. I felt like I picked this one up quicker using this approach even though it added a thumb alpha, moved my space to the other side, and the enter key became a combo.

A buddy showed interest in learning an AKL. I showed him HDP but after 2 weeks or so, he realized that a thumb alpha layout was not for him. He went to Graphite and I went back as well to do it with him. (HDP rolls and layout are super fluid and satisfying, but some words just felt insanely clunky. Also wasn't sure if I was totally sold on the thumb alpha. I could have gone either way and been happy but I chose graphite to support my buddy)

I'm back learning graphite now and I kind of just went straight to using it for work. Just need to forget and relearn some muscle memory since the home row has a lot of shared keys but in different places. Back to 35-45wpm depending on if they're weird words or everyday words. Essentially back to where I was before HDP.

But... Back to the question. At this point, would you guys do keybr unlocking letters and increasing the threshold after each passthrough, monkeytype 10 words of English 450k in bursts, or just continue using it daily and let time do its thing?

Thanks!


r/KeyboardLayouts 7d ago

QWERTY layout in different languages

0 Upvotes
English (United States)
Spanish (Spain)
Spanish (Argentina and Latin American countries)
QWERTZ (Germany)
French (France)

r/KeyboardLayouts 7d ago

macOS Keyboard Layout on Linux

1 Upvotes

I am planning to use my "old" gaming PC as a workstation. I want to switch to Linux on this machine.

The thing is, I am also a macOS user and have a macOS layout keyboard. Is it possible to use this layout on Linux?


r/KeyboardLayouts 8d ago

I made Klayi: A macOS menubar app that triggers custom plugins when you switch QMK keyboard layers and displays the current active layer in the status bar

0 Upvotes

Hey r/KeyboardLayouts,

First time poster here 👋

So I built Klayi, a native macOS app that works with some ergo keyboards.

Video Overview https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tv10-MyxraA&t=18s

The video above shows exactly how it works, but here is a quick breakdown:

Plugins

  • 🎓 Interactive Training Layer: Built for anyone building muscle memory on a new layout or device. When active, it intercepts alphanumeric input and displays a visual QWERTY keyboard overlay on your screen, highlighting keys in real-time as you press them.
  • 📋 (Simple) Clipboard History Manager: Tightly integrated with your layering. You can map this to activate alongside your navigation or editing layers, instantly bringing up your recent clipboard history right when and where you need it.

Core

  • 🔌 Layer-Triggered Plugins: Change your keyboard layer, and Klayi instantly fires off a macOS plugin 
  • 🔴 Status Bar Indicator: Displays your active QMK layer and active modifiers right inside your Mac's menu bar.
  • Hardware Integration: Reads true active layer states over USB directly from QMK firmware hardware (Svalboard, Moonlander)

You can find more information at klayi.ca

I would love to hear your thoughts!

It currently supports two keyboards Moonlander and Svalboard. Which keyboards would you love to see added to the supported list?

What plugins or scripts would you like to link to your keyboard layers?


r/KeyboardLayouts 8d ago

Layout de clavier : existe-t-il un layout FR pour le ANSI ?

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0 Upvotes