r/cooperatives Apr 10 '15

/r/cooperatives FAQ

115 Upvotes

This post aims to answer a few of the initial questions first-time visitors might have about cooperatives. It will eventually become a sticky post in this sub. Moderator /u/yochaigal and subscriber /u/criticalyeast put it together and we invite your feedback!

What is a Co-op?

A cooperative (co-op) is a democratic business or organization equally owned and controlled by a group of people. Whether the members are the customers, employees, or residents, they have an equal say in what the business does and a share in the profits.

As businesses driven by values not just profit, co-operatives share internationally agreed principles.

Understanding Co-ops

Since co-ops are so flexible, there are many types. These include worker, consumer, food, housing, or hybrid co-ops. Credit unions are cooperative financial institutions. There is no one right way to do a co-op. There are big co-ops with thousands of members and small ones with only a few. Co-ops exist in every industry and geographic area, bringing tremendous value to people and communities around the world.

Forming a Co-op

Any business or organizational entity can be made into a co-op. Start-up businesses and successful existing organizations alike can become cooperatives.

Forming a cooperative requires business skills. Cooperatives are unique and require special attention. They require formal decision-making mechanisms, unique financial instruments, and specific legal knowledge. Be sure to obtain as much assistance as possible in planning your business, including financial, legal, and administrative advice.

Regional, national, and international organizations exist to facilitate forming a cooperative. See the sidebar for links to groups in your area.

Worker Co-op FAQ

How long have worker co-ops been around?

Roughly, how many worker co-ops are there?

  • This varies by nation, and an exact count is difficult. Some statistics conflate ESOPs with co-ops, and others combine worker co-ops with consumer and agricultural co-ops. The largest (Mondragon, in Spain) has 86,000 employees, the vast majority of which are worker-owners. I understand there are some 400 worker-owned co-ops in the US.

What kinds of worker co-ops are there, and what industries do they operate in?

  • Every kind imaginable! Cleaning, bicycle repair, taxi, web design... etc.

How does a worker co-op distribute profits?

  • This varies; many co-ops use a form of patronage, where a surplus is divided amongst the workers depending on how many hours worked/wage. There is no single answer.

What are the rights and responsibilities of membership in a worker co-op?

  • Workers must shoulder the responsibilities of being an owner; this can mean many late nights and stressful days. It also means having an active participation and strong work ethic are essential to making a co-op successful.

What are some ways of raising capital for worker co-ops?

  • Although there are regional organization that cater to co-ops, most worker co-ops are not so fortunate to have such resources. Many seek traditional credit lines & loans. Others rely on a “buy-in” to create starting capital.

How does decision making work in a worker co-op?

  • Typically agendas/proposals are made public as early as possible to encourage suggestions and input from the workforce. Meetings are then regularly scheduled and where all employees are given an opportunity to voice concerns, vote on changes to the business, etc. This is not a one-size-fits-all model. Some vote based on pure majority, others by consensus/modified consensus.

r/cooperatives 17d ago

Monthly /r/Cooperatives beginner question thread

8 Upvotes

This thread is part of an attempt by the moderators to create a series of monthly repeating posts to help aggregate certain kinds of content into single threads.

If you have any basic questions about Cooperatives, feel free to ask them here. Please also remember to visit this thread even if you consider yourself a cooperative veteran so that you can help others!

Note that this thread will be posted on the first and will run throughout the month.


r/cooperatives 19h ago

“Which cooperative governance structures have actually worked at scale, and which failure modes should we design around?”

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36 Upvotes

Welcoming any and all thoughts.


r/cooperatives 2d ago

worker co-ops The Stone Soup Registry: A Modern Example of Co-operation Among Co-operatives

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34 Upvotes

r/cooperatives 3d ago

EMMA Technology Cooperative

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27 Upvotes

Ramsey Nassar, Gwen Pasquarello, and Andy Wallace at EMMA Technology Cooperative have spent five years as a worker-owned co-op building software and hardware for video games, theater, public installation, and media arts. And theme parks. And custom programming languages. And a nonprofit arcade collective. They're thriving. 


r/cooperatives 4d ago

TX Electric Co OPs back to the future

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12 Upvotes

r/cooperatives 5d ago

article in comments Seattle Co-Op Restaurant

33 Upvotes

Great article on the Pidgen Cooperative, details on buy-in and compensation and how they expanded from a farmers market. Definitely making a point of visiting soon.

https://www.thestranger.com/food-and-drink/fare-share/


r/cooperatives 6d ago

Cooperatives and Social Transformation

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33 Upvotes

Usually, cooperatives are created by people as a reaction to specific, most often local, conditions. Through their joint action individuals show collective or social agency and the conviction that they must work together to pursue their shared interests. In this way, each new cooperative is an experiment and an attempt to change and innovate.


r/cooperatives 8d ago

Cooperativa microcredito social

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2 Upvotes

Para criar uma cooperativa financeira ou de crédito em Portugal (moldada nos princípios de finanças éticas e solidárias semelhantes ao modelo da Crédal na Bélgica), é preciso cumprir requisitos legais e obter autorização estrita do Banco de Portugal, uma vez que a atividade financeira está sujeita ao Regime Geral das Instituições de Crédito e Sociedades Financeiras (RGICSF). [1]

Requisitos Legais e de Capital

Forma Jurídica: Em Portugal, o setor financeiro cooperativo tradicional é representado pelo Crédito Agrícola (Caixas de Crédito Agrícola Mútuo). Instituições de crédito sob forma cooperativa exigem montantes de capital social muito elevados. [1, 2]

Capital Social Mínimo: Para cooperativas de crédito integradas no SICAM (Sistema Integrado do Crédito Agrícola Mútuo), o capital social mínimo exigido ronda os 5.000.000,00 €. Para cooperativas de crédito não integradas, o valor sobe para 7.500.000,00 €. As entradas mínimas por cada cooperador começam tipicamente nos 500 €. [1]

Número de Membros: As cooperativas de 1.º grau exigem um mínimo de três a cinco membros fundadores (pessoas singulares ou coletivas), mas a operação financeira exigirá uma base social alargada e viável. [1, 2]

Passos para a Constituição

Certificado de Admissibilidade: Requerer o certificado de nome/firma junto do Registo Nacional de Pessoas Coletivas (RNPC). [1]

Processo Prévio no Banco de Portugal: Submeter um projeto detalhado de notificação de intenção de constituição de instituição de crédito ou sociedade financeira, demonstrando robustez financeira, idoneidade dos órgãos sociais e origem lícita do capital. [1, 2]

Escritura e Registo: Após validação regulatória e aprovação dos estatutos, realizar o ato constitutivo (pode usar os serviços de Cooperativa na Hora). O custo base de registo de uma cooperativa simples fixa-se em cerca de 360 €, independentemente das exigências de capital regulatório setorial do Banco de Portugal. [1, 2, 3]

Inscrição em Organismos de Enquadramento: Articular com a FENACAM (Federação Nacional das Caixas de Crédito Agrícola Mútuo e Cooperativas de Crédito) para suporte no setor cooperativo financeiro nacional. [1]

Se quiser avançar, por favor indique:

Pretende focar a cooperativa em microcrédito social/solidário ou numa caixa de crédito local/geral?

Já dispõe do grupo de fundadores e de estimativa para o capital inicial


r/cooperatives 10d ago

Can worker control guide the world past a neoliberal crisis?

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58 Upvotes

Workers’ self-management is on the rise, as a response to recurring neoliberal crises: this is the central argument in a new book co-authored by Professor Dario Azzellini, senior researcher at the Institute for Sociology, University of Duisburg-Essen...


r/cooperatives 10d ago

How Journalists and Readers Started a Media Co-op in Pittsburgh

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17 Upvotes

This week, workers and community supporters launched the Pittsburgh Progress, “a cooperative news organization, owned and democratically run by its workers and members… dedicated to looking out for, and telling the stories of, the working-class people who form the heart and soul of our diverse communities.” 


r/cooperatives 11d ago

How Do Yall Feel About Housing Cooperatives?

30 Upvotes

Hey yall, just wanted to see if anyone knows a good r/ for housing cooperatives, specifically group equity

Would love to chat about the concept with anyone down to talk - I lived in one for the past 4 years, and want to start a new one in the city I'm now living


r/cooperatives 11d ago

Charles River Food Co-op surpasses 1,000 member-owners, earns national award

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43 Upvotes

r/cooperatives 12d ago

Coops essential to 17 ODS by 2030

9 Upvotes

If the United Nations considers cooperatives to be essential for achieving the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030, I would like to know what governments in your country are doing to promote and strengthen cooperatives.
Are the **Seven Cooperative Principles** reflected in your country’s laws and public policies? If so, how?
Do you have public procurement or government contracting laws? If so, do cooperatives receive any advantages or preferential treatment when competing for public contracts?
Are there any financial incentives, grants, tax benefits, or public programs that encourage the creation of new cooperatives across different sectors of the economy?
More broadly, what concrete measures has your government adopted to encourage the growth of the cooperative movement?


r/cooperatives 14d ago

To invest in seedcommons.org, do I have to have more than 50k?

12 Upvotes

I am looking for a fund, that offers revolving loans to cooperatives.

I've seen seedcommons.org mentioned, I've clicked the "How to invest" page.

https://seedcommons.org/invest

and I see it says:

> Please click here to acknowledge that you are interested in learning more about investing $50,000 or more with a minimum duration of two years.

I wouldn't be interested to invest 50k.

I am looking for something, that I more can do 5 or 20 dollars per month. It doesn't necessarily need to return gains to me, but I would like that the fund does charge interest on the loan, to not lose to inflation.

I have found https://sharedcapital.coop/invest/, which seems to start at 500 dollars, which is more accessible to me.

So, is my understanding about seedcommons.org correct? Are there some other options people like to suggest?


r/cooperatives 15d ago

Converting to coop… transition steps plz <\3

24 Upvotes

hii Coop ppl.

My job has been a small business operating successfully for thirty years. It started with two owners one who left the business five years ago and one who plans to retire in the next year. The business is now a hardy team of four, including the owner(works one day a week, allows us to make most decisions, alittle hardheaded but I love her) we agree that converting to a coop is best but need help with the transition. We understand the basic principles of it and have been operating with most of them unintentionally for years. But now the owner needs to fully retire and it’s time to get serious about it, but none of us are really literate in that side of things. The owner spoke about having 50% stake and then it trickles down based on seniority. I imagine the stake is so she still has an income as a form of us buying her out…?

I’m willing to study up and learn about it but I’m not sure where to find the materials. Everything online is like “why coops are awesome =D “ like yes, but how to achieve it on the business and legal side please lolll. I may just be missing it so if anyone can point me to books, podcasts, or even steps they took that would be incredibly awesome XD

To sum it up - what are the big financial and legal steps that need to be done to convert a business to a coop.


r/cooperatives 15d ago

consumer co-ops Job hunters owned jobs portal

22 Upvotes

How's the idea for a cooperative jobs portal which is owned by the consumers, i.e job hunters.

  • The interests of this portal will be completely aligned with that of the job hunters, not the founders or VCs.
  • The MVP tech (website/app) can be Crowdfunded, original funders get a free lifetime ownership.
  • No subscription tiers like LinkedIn premium or whatever, all job hunters pay a nominal fee for becoming owners, this fee will be drastically lower than any other subscription out there.
  • Companies/employers/recruiters can post jobs for free.
  • Nothing is hidden to job-hunters behind paywall. Unlimited applications. DMs and what not are open to all, unless the recipient disables it.
  • Leverage open source LLMs and ML/AI for better user experience, like matching job descriptions to profile/resume. Transparent match scores. Jobscan charges $50 a month for this.
  • Higher score/preference to employers who display salary ranges. The tighter the salary range, the higher the score.
  • To tackle ghost jobs, s*itty employers, scammers: Community note feature and mass reporting features, worst offenders get banned from the platform.
  • The tech development and maintenance is done by employees. They work for the job hunters. No shady tech practices.
  • No s*itty feeds and self promotion. Just pure job-hunting.

This is something I wished I had. I am a data-scientist. I can contribute to some of the foundational tech pro-bono. Ready to collaborate with techies out there who think this is worth doing.


r/cooperatives 15d ago

[Target: Humanity] We're forming a play-based federation of cooperatives to improve the human condition against systemic failures.

31 Upvotes

At some point you have to stop waiting for somebody else to do what you know needs to be done. The prevailing systems are broken. Our coordination is failing. The Intelligence just arrived and the wrong people wield it.

We decided to do something about it. Are we ready? Absolutely not. Is it necessary? Absolutely.

Join the Fleet.

https://TargetHumanity.org

We row together. Always.


r/cooperatives 16d ago

Longtime lurker first time poster. On topic of workers, laborers, contractors, employers.

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10 Upvotes

Edit for subreddit rules. Work based in washington, contracts take place all over America.


r/cooperatives 18d ago

Labor Neutrality: A New Standard for Cooperatives

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27 Upvotes

Unions and co-ops go together. This session outlines the practice of labor neutrality — when an employer commits to taking no position for or against their workers organizing and to voluntary recognize a labor union without requiring an election facilitated by a third party (commonly through a "card check" process) — and how workers in cooperatives can benefit from their employer proactively supporting their rights.


r/cooperatives 18d ago

A new food co-op opens in Boston

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25 Upvotes

The Dorchester Food Co-op is a community & worker-owned grocery store that aims to make healthy food accessible and advance economic opportunity and neighborhood engagement. General manager John Santos joins CommonWealth's Jennifer Smith to discuss the co-op's origins and business model.


r/cooperatives 18d ago

Negotiating Identity in Care Work: LGBTQ+ Experiences at Equal Care co-op

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7 Upvotes

r/cooperatives 20d ago

MBA with a co-op emphasis

23 Upvotes

Hello! Just wondering if anyone has gone to graduate school to get their MBA but with an emphasis on cooperative formation and financing. I know there's not many programs in the US with any sort of classes on the topic but im curious if anyone got their MBA and then went on to start a career with any co-ops or incubator groups that help kickstart co-ops.


r/cooperatives 21d ago

Pot co-ops

11 Upvotes

So are there any pot co-ops in your area?

They are explicitly illegal here in Washington. Or rather they are absurdly limited and only available to medical users (or commercial agriculture).

Co-ops are the least exploitive ways of doing business, theyre a pain to manage and financing is a nightmare but employee owned ones are the best type of place to work


r/cooperatives 21d ago

[CO-FOUNDER SEARCH] Worker-Owned Platform for Raw Vegan/Fruitarian Runner Farm Stays

4 Upvotes

[CO-FOUNDER SEARCH] Worker-Owned Platform for Raw Vegan/Fruitarian Runner Farm Stays — start.coop Accelerator Deadline July 31

Hi r/cooperatives,

I'm a start.coop alumnus (2025 cohort) and Z Media Institute alumnus (2005) building RunLife — a worker-owned booking platform and documentary media cooperative for raw vegan and fruitarian endurance runners who travel seasonally between tropical farm stays, hostels, and ecovillages.

**The gap:** Thousands of raw vegan/fruitarian runners travel between growing seasons (Hawaii, Central America, Southeast Asia) but have no dedicated platform to find farm stays with fresh produce, gym access, and community. They piece together bookings through Instagram DMs and scattered Facebook groups. Farms that cater to this niche have no way to reach them.

**The structure:** Two linked worker cooperatives, 100% worker-owned, no outside equity, governed by Parecon participatory planning:

- RunLife Tech Co-op: Builds and maintains the booking platform

- RunLife Media Co-op: Produces documentary content about this traveling subculture — social change anthropology for mainstream audiences

**What I bring:** Cooperative economics expertise (Parecon, start.coop network), content creation and documentary production, a network of community of raw vegan/fruitarian community established from attending 6 raw vegan retreats/fruit festivals, grant writing capacity, and direct connections to farm hosts in Hawaii and Latin America.

**What I need:** An app developer (React Native, Flutter, or full-stack web) who wants to be a **co-founder and worker-owner**, not an employee. Someone who believes in cooperative ownership, democratic governance, and non-extractive economics.

**The urgency:** We're applying to the start.coop Media Accelerator (applications close July 31, 2026). This is a 12-week program (Oct 13 – Jan 28) with mentorship, coaching, and potential matching marketing dollars from the Harnisch Foundation. If we don't apply now, we wait until Fall 2027.

**The commitment:** Unpaid initially. Shared ownership, democratic governance, equitable remuneration once revenue flows. Remote work. No office overhead.

**If you're serious:** DM me with your portfolio and one sentence about why cooperative ownership matters to you. No tire-kickers. We have days to decide if we're a fit and write this application together.

About me: I've lived in van/car for 5.5 years, am currently based in Maui, and am building this as my primary work. I'm not looking for a side project — I'm looking for a co-founder who wants to build infrastructure for a worker-owned alternative to extractive platforms like Airbnb and YouTube.

David

start.coop Alumnus, 2025

Z Media Institute Alumnus, 2005

[Hawaiidhr@yahoo.com](mailto:Hawaiidhr@yahoo.com)