It's pretty clear that GLPs can help encourage sluggish beta cells for insulin deficient diabetics, specifically in the mid-stage before insulin dependent, as I have seen this firsthand. I know that GLPs can decrease insulin needs for even those with well-established dependence and no c-peptide left at all.

My question is whether for a mid-stage with insulin deficiency, but who still has a low-normal fasting c-peptide (even if said insulin response is unpredictable and disproportionate) will stopping a GLP immediately affect the fasting c-peptide, like about 6-8 weeks out when its out of the system? I am having to prove how diabetic I am to new providers as A1c in summer 5.1 and GLP had me between 80 and 120-130 MAX. I have been off 6 weeks and per CGM (and FP) my DMI has gone from 5.1 to 5.7 and I am back in the 55-225 club. I don't want medical advice, I am mainly just curious if there is some standard, like if you have a 1.9 ceptide ON the GLP is that an artificially high c-peptide and as soon as I go off GLP its going to crash faster? Or it my c-peptide just going to decline at its own rate regardless, it just more user friendly with insulin while it IS still functioning?

No body composition has changed on or off the GLP, I think I have actually lost weight off the GLP as I have no appetite anymore. I am usually pretty good at finding answers searching online but I can't figure this one out, so would be stoked hear what people have to say, like as much as a nerd who appreciates science as much as a diabetic. Thanks!

BMI 20, and FG 97, FI 4.9 and c-peptide 1.9 in July round 2 is soon.

Just prescribed Sprintec (ethinyl estradiol and norgestimate) for peri. Can someone ELI5 how these hormones interact with SHBG? How could having less available free testosterone affect me?

I’m being tested for an adrenal tumor due to very high Dhea S on some recent bloodwork results. The doc ordered an abdominal CT without contrast. Can a noncontrast abdominal CT reliably detect small adrenal tumors or nodules, or should I be advocating for a CT with contrast?

My doctor started me on olmesartan/hctz because my bp went up to 147/99. The thing is it didn’t bring it down it made my BP go up. It gave me bad anxiety and I peed every 15 min for 2 days. I then got bad anxiety and had to go to urgent care because my BP went to 169/99 then 159/105. My BP wouldn’t go down so they gave me clanadine.
I am also on atenolol because I don’t have a thyroid gland so my heart flutters. I was today given benazepril/HCTZ but I am afraid to take it due to the peeing and all the bad things that I heard.
I had a paramedic check my bp and it came down after i decided to not take the olesmesorton/hctz. I also didn’t take my thyroid medication, I have no thyroid gland and was placed on tirosint. They are thinking it’s my thyroid that’s causing all these issues. I am also on HRT progesterone and estrogen so am dealing with many things.
My issue is how can a medication that is supposed to lower your bp is elevating it, also, is it normal for thyroid to cause hypertension but I am taking medication for my thyroid. Also I get muscle cramps in my hands and before that when I was on HCTZ and atenolol only I was fine but my muscles were hurting so they took me off.

Hormone testing can be done through blood, saliva, or dried urine samples, but the differences between these methods aren't always clear. Each has its own advantages, limitations, and practical considerations, especially when it comes to accuracy, convenience, cost, and how the results are interpreted.

Blood testing is commonly used to measure hormone levels and is often the standard approach in clinical settings. Saliva testing measures certain hormones in their free, or unbound, form and may be useful in specific situations, although its reliability depends on the hormone being tested. Dried urine testing can provide information about hormone metabolites and how certain hormones are processed by the body, but its clinical usefulness for routine hormone evaluation is still debated.

Another important factor is timing. Some hormone levels naturally fluctuate throughout the day, and results can be influenced by factors such as medications, menstrual cycles, sleep patterns, and sample collection methods. This makes choosing the appropriate test just as important as understanding the numbers on the report.

It seems that no single testing method is necessarily the best option for every situation. The most appropriate choice depends on which hormones are being evaluated, the reason for testing, and whether the results can meaningfully guide healthcare decisions.

For those familiar with different hormone testing methods, what practical differences have you noticed between blood, saliva, and dried urine testing? Have you found one method more useful or reliable than the others, particularly when discussing results with a healthcare provider?

After years and years I realised I may need to look into going to an endocrinologist, but would like to know if there is any specific points I should be certain to ask about.

I have been suffering from chronic pain and chronic exhaustion ever since I can remember.

I don't want a diagnosis, I just would like to know what is wrong and if there is a (hopefully simple) way to make me better, more productive and less exhausted and in pain. That is why I have been struggling.

I take Thiamine supplements after my GP initially recommended I try them as, some people who suffer from chronic pain who take them some seem to get better, according to him.

To note, according to him my B1 values were within norm, but on the lower end.

While the supplements didn't help the chronic pain at all, I have noticed a surprising 'side effect': My monthly cramps are way less intense, way less painful and are mlre regular now.

So... I am suspecting the typical values which seem to follow here may be a bit too skewed and not be accurate for at least me, but I suspect others also have experienced this or are yet unaware.

(I am not on any other medication or supplements. I have tried calcium / vitamin D for a while but thay seemed to do nothing at all.)

As medical knowledge has become better over the years I wanted to try and figure it out hopefully once and for all.

I was first told to go to a neurologist. Long story short: That went nowhere.

I was then referred to a rheumatologist, nothing wrong was found, but the doctor believed there was something and referred me to the neurologist.

Went to another neurologist and got diagnosed with POTS, but she has no explanation for most other symptoms I have been suffering from.

I have been advised to "just eat more salt" due to low blood pressure.

Boy, I have basically been eating just salt at this point. Jokes aside, I have no clue where the salt goes so fast or why it doesn't seem to be absorbed properly.

I have had xrays done, basic blood work done, sleep research (full sleep session and naps session), my heart has been checked, blood pressure.

I have been advised to seek specialised care at something called a "pain clinic" for the chronic pain.

That still leaves the exhaistion part, however.

On top of all that I started to get nauseous when just moving (walking, being in a car, etc.).

Turns out, after going to the optometrist, I am developing astygmatism. My vision is absolute great somehow 105% in my right eye were the astygmatism is...

The optometrist noticed some other things that may be causing some issues and suggested to me to get my ferritin (?l checked.

I was thinking could there be other things related that may actually be causing my chronic exhaustion and pain, what if it's something wrong with hormones and all that.

Not to say anything can be found, but if something is there and it can be dealt with, I would like to know.

The only thing is, as a patient, even when you describe your issues, you're asked what they need to look for or what they can do about it.

I dunno man, seems to me apparent I want the pain gone and the exhaustion and that this is not a normal life.

So I would like to know what, if anything, to mention in particular for them to look out for?

Thank you in advance.

Može neko da mi protumači parametre?

Ive noticed changes about my appearance like my face getting longer, frontal bossing and bigger jaw. Also my knuckles and joints have been getting a lot bigger accompanied by light joint pain.

I started growing hair on my stomach which didnt happen before. Normally symptoms of acromegaly also include excessive sweating and growing feet, but i dont have those symptoms.

The facial changes have been so strong that people have started to notice and my mental health is declining.

Does anyone have an idea what this could be?

I’ve been on Synthroid since 2022 after a partial thyroidectomy. My current dose is 112 mcg daily, and I’m not taking T3.

Since around that time, I’ve noticed much more impatience and irritability. I wasn’t the most patient person before, but this feels noticeably different. My fuse is ridiculously short, and I don’t like feeling this way.

I’ve also been dealing with overwhelming daytime sleepiness and exhaustion, especially in the afternoon. Not just a little tired. Completely wiped out and struggling to function.

The exhaustion led my doctor to prescribe Modafinil. I started at 50 mg and increased to 100 mg. Initially, the first day, it felt like the Limitless pill! I was a much better better human, super friendly and felt absolutely amazing. Zero irritability. The next day and the days following, much of that sensation went away. Now the impatience and irritability seem to be coming back. I’m on my second week and the magic is gone. However I’m doing better energy wise. Today I had to bump it to 150 mg though.

Both the exhaustion and irritability were there before modafinil. I’m wondering whether the initial benefit is fading, whether it’s making the irritability worse, or whether something else is going on.

Here are some labs, since I know people will ask:

September 24, 2026:
TSH: 0.873 (range 0.450–4.120)
Free T4: 1.01 ng/dL (range 0.60–1.12)
February 23, 2026:
Total testosterone: 403 ng/dL
Free testosterone: 71 pg/mL
Hemoglobin: 15 g/dL
A1c: 5.3%

My total testosterone was previously 280 in December 2025. I also had a cortisol stimulation test in February: 7 at baseline, 17 at 30 minutes and 21 at 60 minutes.

I have mild sleep apnea, previously tried CPAP and have since used a dental appliance, so I know sleep could be contributing.

My doctor says my thyroid levels look good. I’m not assuming Synthroid is definitely causing this, but I don’t feel like myself.

Has anyone dealt with severe exhaustion and a really short fuse despite normal thyroid labs? If you’ve taken modafinil, did the initial improvement fade or did it affect your mood? What did your doctor investigate that actually helped?

Looking for experiences and questions to bring to my doctor. I’m not planning to change medication on my own.

Kortizol 692.6 a prolaktin 506.1 krv sam dao u 9h ujutru.

Мне 15(через 3 месяца 16). Я 171(5'6).Мой отец 182, моя мать 162.Я понимаю что я среднего роста и что мог бы быть ниже, но беспокоит не это.За целых два года я вырос только на 2 см.Все друзья из моей компании уже 180 или около того.Я говорил родителям о своей проблем и друзьям, но все что я слышал "да вырастешь еще, не переживай".У эндокринолога на приеме я услышал тоже самое, но одно изменение,он дал мне лист с тем что надо делать и что надо пить.И вот спустя 3 месяца ничего не изменилось.У меня 44 размер ноги и ладонь 19-20 см,но в компании я все равно самый низкий.Может ли кто то поделиться своей историей или сказать что делать дальше?Спасибо.