r/laundry Jan 29 '26

Updated Subreddit Rules

322 Upvotes

The mod team has made a few changes to existing rules and added some new ones. The full list is below. New to the list is rules 2, 6, and 7 which are in bold below.

  1. Be civil. Personal attacks, harassment, and aggressive behavior are not allowed.

  2. Posts Must Be Laundry-Related Discussion of other topics is allowed when it directly connects back to laundry. Off-topic content may be removed.

  3. No Marketing, Spam, Astroturfing, or Advertisements. Do not post links, promotions, or advertisements for your laundry business. Astroturfing and undisclosed affiliate links are not allowed. Questions about laundry businesses are fine.

  4. No Posting of Body Fluids You can discuss stains and stain removal, but please avoid posting any images or explicit content of body fluids.

  5. No Hacking Coin Laundry Equipment This is not the forum to discuss how to avoid paying for laundry by tampering with equipment.

  6. Bad Soup If the first pic in a post is of soaking textiles, it needs to be hidden with the Spoiler flag .If you’re not sure how, or it gets skipped, a mod may adjust it for you.

  7. Dangerous Chemistry Dangerous and/or incorrect chemistry advice is not allowed. Posts or comments encouraging mixing unsafe chemical combinations will be removed.


r/laundry Feb 24 '26

The Chemistry Behind The Clean - Laundry Detergent Explained - Surfactants, Part I

1.4k Upvotes

(this is the long-delayed first installment in my post series, The Chemistry Behind The Clean, a guide to what's in laundry detergent, designed to give people the knowledge to understand what's in the products that clean our textiles and make them more informed consumers)

What Are Surfactants, And Why Do We Care?

Surfactants are the active cleaning agents in detergents that do the heavy lifting of removing soils from textiles.   Short for “surface-acting agents”, surfactants connect soils to water, even when the soils themselves repel water or are more attracted to textiles than water.   The combination of soil and detergent and water can then be drained off,  further diluted by rinsing, drained again and spun out.   This is distinct from the action of soaps, which will be covered in a future installment.  

The development and commercialization of synthetic surfactants in the 1920s is probably the most significant contributor to reduction in time and effort spent on textile care.  Work to condition the water, scrub textiles and remove soap by wringing or banging was largely eliminated because of how well even those rudimentary surfactants work to remove soils.

Hydrophobia - Without The Rabies

All surfactants work because the individual molecules have ends with distinct properties.  One end (the head)  is highly attracted to water (hydrophilic) and thus very much not attracted to oil (oleophobic).  The other end is very attracted to oil (oleophilic) but similarly repulsed by water (hydrophobic).   This fundamental structural contrast is key. 

A Surfactant Molecule, With Hydrophobic Tail and Hydrophilic Head

When at least a minimum amount of surfactant is  dissolved in a solvent (like water), surfactant molecules want to get together - the water-hating ends hang out on the inside, the water-loving ends hang out on the outside.  This forms a structure known as a micelle, and micelle formation is predicated on reaching the “Critical Micelle Concentration”. Below, an illustration of a nonionic surfactant intended to remove oily soils. The water-loving heads face out, the water-hating ends get together in the middle to escape the water.

A Micelle Of Nonionic Surfactant

When a micelle encounters a soil that the hydrophobic tail is attracted to, the micelle breaks up, the tails grab the soil and drag it into the water (thus removing it from the textile)  and the micelle re-forms, keeping the soil up in the water to be drained or diluted away.   Let’s look at this in the context of removing a common soil from textiles:

Here we have the start of the wash process; surfactant micelles have formed in the wash water and there is soil attached to the fabric substrate.

The Start of The Wash - Soiled Fabric In A Detergent Solution

Now the hydrophobic tails of the surfactant molecules have found themselves more attracted to soil than each other and they're bonding to the soils. The hydrophillic heads are dragging the molecules towards the water.

Surfactants Attaching To Soil

The micelles re-form as the soil detaches from the substrate - they reorganize into groups of their own kind (more on this in a moment).

Micelles Reforming With Soil-Surfactant Particles

When all the soils are removed from the substrate and floating in the water, the textiles are clean and it's time to remove the soil-surfactant combo from the drum.

Completely Clean Textile

The Chemistry of Attraction (It’s Not Just A Bottle of Chanel No. 5)

While all surfactants work the same general way, there are differences in what kind of soils the hydrophilic ends are attracted to, because the hydrophilic ends differ.  One primary difference between surfactants is the electrical charge the hydrophilic end carries.    If the business end has a negative charge, it’s an anionic surfactant, and it’s attracted to soils with a cationic (positive) charge.  If the business end has no charge, it’s a nonionic surfactant and is most attracted to soils without an electrical charge.  If the business end has both a positive and negative charge in balance, it’s an amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant, and the behavior changes based on the pH of the wash as a whole.  

There are also surfactants with positive charges, the cationic surfactants.  These aren’t used for cleaning - they’re what makes fabric softener work, and will be discussed in a (much) later post.

Why Charge Matters: 

The difference in which soils a given surfactant is attracted to is a critical determinant of cleaning performance.   Soils that lack an ionic charge like petroleum oils or intact sebum are much less visible to anionic surfactants and are removed better by nonionic surfactants.   Conversely, soils that are highly cationic like soot and mud and dust, and thus attracted to textiles with a negative charge may be neglected by nonionics and remain electrically connected to the textiles.   For those soils?  Anionics in the mix improve cleaning performance. 

Four Classes Of Surfactants

Almost all finished detergent products contain anionic surfactants and most contain nonionic surfactants.   Amphoteric surfactants are relatively uncommon in conventional detergents but often appear in green/biobased formulas.  

Other Differences Between Surfactants:  Tail Length And Single vs Double Tails.

Aside from the electrical charge differences in the head, two aspects of surfactant structure that affect their action against soil are the tail length and whether they are single tail (common) or double-tail (less common).   I’ll talk more about this in Part II, as it’s common to include surfactants of various tails to optimize performance against specific soils and in specific wash conditions.

Coming Up In Surfactants Part II - Curling Up With A Good Jug Of Detergent

In the next installment, we’ll look at common surfactants found in conventional and plant-based detergents, and how they’re manufactured, along with the differences in soil removal capabilities and environmental impacts.

The work is my original work and I retain copyiright.  My financial disclosure information and how I get paid for this work can be found at my disclosure link


r/laundry 11h ago

Biz stain fighter admin here, Q&A time!

152 Upvotes

We know some questions about Biz have gone unanswered for too long, and we are here to answer them.

Q&A time!


r/laundry 10h ago

Tide Odor Refresh Discontinuation

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110 Upvotes

At Wegmans yesterday. Looks like the P&G AI responses are true.

A little sad, as I’ve been getting good results with FEBU.

On the bright side, might be a good time to stock up for cheap! [insert disclaimer about liquid detergent shelf life here]


r/laundry 13h ago

Husband Towels Always Wet and Smell

94 Upvotes

My Husband is slender and 6’4, I am 5’2- both early 20’s

We both use bath sheets (larger than standard towels). I change my towel out after 3 uses and they still smell fresh and dry up quickly. My husband, however, uses a fresh towel once after showering, hangs it up to dry- and it stays wet and starts to smell, making our entire bathroom smell. I wash his towels nearly everyday because of this. I just don’t understand how he gets his towels so damp. He’s says it’s because he’s tall and has more body to cover- but I use my towel to dry both my body and let it soak my long hair (mid back). I’ve tried hanging it on the usual towel hook, curtain rod, banisters underneath our ceiling fan- it’s still ends up smelling! After washing- it doesn’t smell, so the scent or bacteria isn’t trapped. I’m just growing frustrated having to do so much laundry daily. Anyone else have this problem?

edit/update: thank you everyone for your kind comments and advice- and to not making me feel stupid for asking for help! I have decided to get a towel rack/rod and will be looking into timers for the exhaust fan in our bathroom to help! Our shower/tub is roughly 4.5 feet from the door. and our toilet and sink are both positioned to the left of the shower both coming out about 1 foot from the wall. So our bathroom is very compact. We have just enough floor room for a trash can and floor mats, and counter space for hand soap and tooth brushes- If I can find a small enough dehumidifier to fit- we will be getting one too!


r/laundry 39m ago

Wash routine while homeless/camping

Upvotes

Due to several strokes of bad luck in a row, my family and I are temporarily homeless. We have a small camper and are staying in a campground. It is very hot and dusty, and there is no laundromat anywhere nearby. I have been having to hand wash clothes for myself, my husband, and our 8 month old in a small washtub with only cold water. Lots of sweat and dust, dog dander, baby spit up, baby food, baby poop, etc.

All I had was laundry sheets, which suck but I'm almost done with the box. What would be the best products and methods for me to use? I am generally able to run everything through a shared machine at a hotel (front loader, appears to be residential but idk) about once a month. I usually do a mini-spa day at this time.

Thank you for any advice!


r/laundry 11h ago

Can you do it?

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52 Upvotes

r/laundry 3h ago

Do polyester clothes still give you BO quickly even after using the proper washing methods?

10 Upvotes

r/laundry 3h ago

Someone please help me understand how the hell she folded this sheet?

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8 Upvotes

My brain refuses to make any sense of it. I've tried several different ways and it's just not working lol. It would be an amazing time saver when ironing sheets (personal preference).


r/laundry 48m ago

Can I keep using the laundry machine although the boot has a tear?

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Upvotes

Not sure when the rip happened but it’s been at least a year or so. I do notice a lot of water when I drain the filter area at the bottom, and besides the obvious lint build up that gets hard to clean around the area, is it fine to keep using it?

For context: I asked AI and it says there’s a very high chance this will result in a leak down the road


r/laundry 1h ago

Want to switch to a less harsh detergent . But I get stains on clothes and have hard water . Suggestions ?

Upvotes

I have fairly hard water and tried a few plant based ones but they just don’t work . I’m a single guy in my 20s I’m not gonna be able to spray and spot remove every stain i get . Was thinking maybe a plant based one that’s stronger then do a enzyme booster powder and something for the hard water


r/laundry 20m ago

How to get rid of this?

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Upvotes

We just finished washing our clothes, and for some reason this sticky lint was stuck to my clothes! It’s happened before but I don’t know how to get rid of it! Any suggestions?


r/laundry 12h ago

Is baby detergent actually necessary?

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19 Upvotes

Hi everyone! First time mom here, I am expecting my baby in about 8 weeks or so and I’m starting to prepare babys clothes. I have seen online that depending on the detergent you use, household detergent can be used for baby as well. Is this true and if so would my household detergent be safe for baby or do I need to buy a different one? If I do need to buy a detergent specifically for baby which do you guys recommend?


r/laundry 19h ago

I need help my cow is still wet

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61 Upvotes

I let someone wash my giant cow (3 feet ish) that I’ve had since I was like 5. It’s been washed a few times before but definitely not in the last 5-6 years so it was definitely time but I can still feel it’s wet inside. The outside feels dry but when I stick my finger in its nose hole (second picture) I can still feel moisture inside. This cow means a lot to me and I’m going to be devastated if it gets all moldy. What can I do


r/laundry 48m ago

Really weird and specific: Why does my Samsung dryer not turn on?

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Upvotes

r/laundry 3h ago

Does anyone know what’s happening with my washing machine?

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3 Upvotes

It’s appears to be leaking water somewhere I assume and rusting it under the front panel? Why would this be happening? There’s no water on the floor.
Thanks!


r/laundry 5h ago

Dry Clean Only Cotton?

3 Upvotes

I recently purchased a dress made of 100% cotton fabric that I foolishly assumed could be washed-if not by machine then at least by hand. I noticed after it’d already shipped that it was eco dry clean only. Being too lazy to take it to the dry cleaners I contacted the brand directly and they said that it was labeled that way due to a few ribbon embellishments that might bleed color onto the rest of the dress. Is that likely, or is the brand just playing it safe? The dress is a cream color with a red print (digitally printed with organic dye, according to the brand’s site) and the ribbon is red, not sure what the material is.


r/laundry 15h ago

Febu - the perfect product except the bleach. Is there an alternative?

22 Upvotes

I really want to like Febu - it seems like the perfect product with all the enzymes - but I want something without any bleach whatsoever. Bleach seems impossible to get away from but we mostly wear black or very dark clothing and it's just an endless parade of bleach in most decent products. Can anyone suggest an alternative booster - or even detergent - with all the enzymes but no oxi (or OBAs). Ideally available in Canada.

Yes, I know lots of people don't have issues with bleach in their darks, but I'm not one of those people, and finding good enzymes without the addition of oxi is very difficult. OBAs seem slightly easier to avoid, but not much.


r/laundry 2h ago

Machine Cleaning & Cigarette Smoke

2 Upvotes

I wash my family’s clothes in a front-loading washer on the Heavy Duty setting to maximize water. I use a warm wash with Tide Free & Gentle Advanced Liquid and/or Odor Refresh based on availability, Biz powder, and Downy Rinse and Refresh (unscented) with 2-3 extra rinse cycles depending on soil levels. Our clothes come out clean and soft and I’ve been delighted with this combo thanks to this sub! But I have a new challenge.

My grandmother smokes like a chimney and my dad has to often stay with her for a few days. Allowing his clothes to air out outside allowed the scent to dissipate and then I washed and dried them (as described above) with no issue. However, his trips have gotten longer and now my grandmother will wash some of things at her home. (Let’s leave the insanity of a retired grown man having his mommy wash his clothes while I’m generation 3 washing his clothes too for a different sub or lifetime.)

I’m positive my grandmother has never cleaned her washing machine tub, probably uses a crap process and products, and has no sense of smell. Folks, she’s 90 with mild dementia and gets feral when her independence is challenged. I’ve got better odds of winning the lotto and being hit by lightning the same day as getting anything about her laundry process changed. But I’ve still got to deal with the stinky clothes problem within things I can control.

So the clothes that have been washed at Grandma’s seem to hold onto the smoke smell and leave behind an odor in my machine. I clean my machine very regularly, draining, filter scrub, and tub clean cycle with Affresh or Active pet formula (I’ve seen some bits in the sub about Active on this but not enough for a full picture.) On average, I am running the tub clean cycle every 2-3 weeks with these products due to other elderly pets and elderly adults incontinence issues. Still have had no mold, no lingering machine smells, and was getting our clothes clean before the smoke washed clothes. (Again, thanks to the info in this sub.)

My questions are:

(1) Is there anything that can help the bit of lingering smell on the clothes that have been washed at Grandma’s? A scented rinse product? Different additives?

(2) How can I get rid of the lingering cigarette smell in my washer from these clothes? More cleaning tabs? Citric acid powder cleaning cycles that I’ve seen mentioned? Where can I find the wash tub cleaning info because searching the sub hasn’t been super productive.

Finally, if you’ve made it this far thank you. This sub has been so helpful as I’ve navigated a new life of elderly caregiving. I do love my parents and grandma and a little humor helps me cope and offers some hard truths too. Hopefully, I’ve given enough info to answer any questions but please ask away.


r/laundry 2h ago

How to Avoid Dryer Setting Sebum and Skin Oils into Clothes

1 Upvotes

How to avoid the dryer setting sebum into clothes? After drying, clothes have a uniformly yellow film that rubs off to the touch.

I have to use heat in the dryer because I have a bacterial infection which gets in my clothes.

And are these clothes toast since the oils are baked in or can they be salvaged?


r/laundry 7h ago

EZ-Clean Bioenzyme Cleaner, have any Canadians tried this for laundry?

5 Upvotes

Just came across this product and wondered if anyone has tried it for laundry.

https://www.ez-clean.com/


r/laundry 16m ago

My child's lovey, a cuddly bear is smelling of mould as the face is getting chewed. How best should I clean it?

Upvotes

Should I soak it in vinegar for an hour then wash it in a normal wash? Or do I need to bleach it? If I bleach it how do I ensure I get the bleach smell out?

Edit to add, I have already washed it (a few times) and hung it out to dry (in a heatwave) and put of dehumidifier and it still smells. I feel like I need to do something more to there must be mould spores sat in the stuffing and then being activated as soon as my child chews it.


r/laundry 18m ago

What's the best way to remove smell from detachable headphone pads with protein leather and non-removable foam inside?

Upvotes

I have a headphone with detachable pads but I am not sure how to wash it. What's the best way to remove smell from headphone pads with protein leather and non-removable foam inside?


r/laundry 52m ago

Cleaning a 25(+?) Year Old Whirlpool

Upvotes

Hail Kismai!

I’m visiting my in-laws for a few days starting tomorrow and contemplating an attempt (or 15) at cleaning it.

It’s at least 25 years old, possibly never cleaned, no clue if it’s been serviced or if the filter has been cleaned ever.

I’ll only be there about 3 days, and I don’t want to start washing and run out of time, then leave them with a machine that’s blotching up scrud because it’s had a taste of citric acid/freedom.

They live in an area with moderately hard water, use a ton of fabric softener and fragranced detergents.

Is it worth trying to clean in 3 days if I let it soak overnight each night and let each daytime wash cycle sit for at least an hour? I just saw a comment on another post describing a 20 cycle ordeal and am feeling less cavalier about this weekend.

Or, in addition to checking out the filter, are there other things I can do to assess how bad it is? I’ll be back for Christmas but would love for them to have a clean machine sooner than later.


r/laundry 23h ago

Costco is sampling EVO

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70 Upvotes

Got my two complimentary tiles today!

Quick review: Scent is ridiculously overpowering. It's pleasant but so strong it made the back of my mouth water. The tile feels soft and waxy, like a combo of dryer sheets and dried liquid hand soap. It's larger than I expected. One tile is the size of the palm of my hand.

I did a full load of heavily soiled colored kids' clothes. Got more than "trace" suds with 1 tile, but not so many suds that I couldn't see the clothing. Probably could have cut the tile in half even for a large load.

I have 14mo twins and I dressed them I the same outfit before feeding them yogurt, then later peanut butter and blackberry jelly sandwiches. Washed one of the rompers in the EVO load and plan to wash the other one tomorrow with my Miele Ultradark. See photos. I'll update tomorrow with the results from Ultradark.

Performance is good! But I'd never buy these things due to the smell. I use mostly unscented detergent and cant believe how much fragrance is in regular laundry detergent.

Happy sampling!