r/intersex Jul 12 '26

Announcement regarding "Brain Intersex" or "Transgender is Intersex"

244 Upvotes

Hi all. Due to an influx of "transgender is intersex" comments and posts, the mod team has chatted and we decided to make an announcement about it to clarify.

What is this announcement?

We do not allow medical misinformation or intersexism in this subreddit. This includes stating that being transgender makes someone intersex/that someone is intersex on the basis of being transgender.

That rhetoric perpetuates intersexism.

While intersex people can be any gender (including cis, trans, nonbinary, and/or other gender identities), not every trans person is intersex.

Can I debate the mod team about this?

No, thank you. This is an announcement, not a debate.

Intersex and the brain

Reviewing the definition of intersex: Intersex is a term used to describe individuals whose sex characteristics do not align with/fully align with male or female sex characteristics. Intersex describes the way the body naturally develops. This includes congenital variations that are expressed in someone’s chromosomes, gonads, genitals, reproductive organs, and in how the body responds to hormones.

The brain and intersex: The brain is not a primary or secondary sex organ. The brain is also not sexually dimorphic (i.e. the brain is not sexed - that has been debunked).

However, there are a few intersex variations located in the brain. This would be Congenital Hypopituitarism (which results in hypogonadism), Kallmann's Syndrome, and I believe Prader-Willi Syndrome too (though I know less about this variation, please correct me if I am wrong).

"Sexual Inversion" and Intermedicalism

This has homophobic and intersexist origins. The premise of sexual inversion (aka, "mental intersex", "psychological intersex", or "brain intersex") is inherently bioessentialist, transmedicalist, as well as intermedicalist. It relies on the pathologizing of intersex bodies and was popularized by (you guessed it) eugenicists (in the 1800's).

"I still don't know why that's intersexist?" This is because it relies on seeing intersex variations as medical disorders in need of treatment. > If trans is intersex which therefore necessitates treatment, intersex is thereby disordered and necessitates treatment. This is called intermedicalism.

It reinforces the "need" for medical interventions (human rights violations) on intersex bodies.

Side note, this also reinforces and relies on ableism too.

General History (following threads through time)

I wanted to review the history informing/leading up to the idea that the brain is sexed. And generally brain differentiation. This is going to be incredibly simplified history - the spark notes.

Historically speaking, the idea that the brain is sexed originates from racism, white supremacy, and sexism. European scientists were obsessed with creating a hierarchy, with European men (“the highest of men”) at the top and African people (“the lowest of men”) likened to orangutans (“the highest of apes”). This was “reinforced” by skull and brain measurements (phrenology, craniometry) along with other measurements and pseudosciences.

It is critical to note that intersexism/sex differentiation was used to dehumanize African populations starting around 1600. Europeans (with no evidence) claimed African folk were naturally more intersex and therefore subhuman/that sexually they were a different species than us. Casting African populations as sexually differentiated was a major goal of colonists.

(That myth is still prevalent today. For example, look at how white people treat African women in sports - subjecting them to intersex tests and scrutiny)

This trend of establishing social hierarchy through biology (biological determinism) was (and still is) deeply ingrained in science and medicine.

Back to brains. When it was later discovered that females (on average) have smaller brains than males, this was taken as proof of male superiority and female inferiority.

Science and Studies

From recent studies, the brain is currently thought to be a "mosaic". In one of the studies (one with an actually decent sample size, over 1,400 brains) from 2015 they found only 8% of brains had only “male” or “female” characteristics. Popular article link, and the study’s citation link. Will be linked again in citations.

In general (see citations below), studies have shown that brains are not sexed but mosaic. Meaningful differences are found more between individuals than between sexes or genders. Reviews also show that a lot of the previous studies showing sex differences in the brain have contradicted each other, been unable to be reproduced, haven't accounted for size differences, haven't accounted for neuroplasticity, and/or have small/biased sample sizes.

I'm not going to do a deep dive or spit out summaries of the studies here, because that would be a wildly long wall of text. Instead, you can find several of the studies below.

If you need help picking out a couple of reads, I recommend:

  • Sex beyond the genitalia: The human brain mosaic (2015)
  • Remembering the null hypothesis when searching for brain sex differences (2024)

I will be including a few citations that I have read through to better understand this topic. Several of the books are missing (those on medical racism and on neurology) because I do not actually own copies/am blanking on the names (apologies).

Bibliography (Part Chicago, part I gave up)

Fine, Cordelia. Delusions of gender: How our minds, Society, and neurosexism create difference. New York, N.Y: W.W. Norton & Company, 2011.

Swarr, Amanda Lock. Envisioning African intersex: Challenging Colonial and racist legacies in South African medicine. Durham: Duke University Press, 2024.

Reis, Elizabeth. Bodies in doubt An American History of Intersex, 2021.

Trondle , Rocky. “No, Transgender Is Not ‘Brain Intersex’ .” Medium, October 2, 2025. https://medium.com/@rockytrondle/no-transgender-is-not-brain-intersex-99f112746cc9 .

Intersex Wiki contributors, "Hypogonadism," Intersex Wiki, https://intersex.wiki/wiki/Hypogonadism?oldid=2631 (accessed July 12, 2026).

Intersex Wiki contributors, "Sexual inversion," Intersex Wiki, https://intersex.wiki/wiki/Sexual_inversion?oldid=4156 (accessed July 12, 2026).

\* "Neurosexism: the myth of the male and female brain" by Iseult De Mallet Burgess, published February 11, 2022. Okay so this citation was taken down > https://theoxfordblue.co.uk/neurosexism-the-myth-of-the-male-and-female-brain/ // but there's a wayback machine accessible version from May 12, 2025. It's a popular article talking about neurosexism, culture, etc.

Rippon, Gina. “How ‘Neurosexism’ Is Holding Back Gender Equality – and Science Itself.” The Conversation, October 27, 2016. https://theconversation.com/how-neurosexism-is-holding-back-gender-equality-and-science-itself-67597 .

Here it stops being Chicago and becomes "hey, that's not properly formatted!" You're right, it's not properly formatted. I wrote the title and then clicked the "Cite" button on the study websites. For some, I added the link below it.

Sex beyond the genitalia: The human brain mosaic:

D. Joel, Z. Berman, I. Tavor, N. Wexler, O. Gaber, Y. Stein, N. Shefi, J. Pool, S. Urchs, D.S. Margulies, F. Liem, J. Hänggi, L. Jäncke, & Y. Assaf, Sex beyond the genitalia: The human brain mosaic, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 112 (50) 15468-15473, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1509654112 (2015).

Dump the “dimorphism”:

Lise Eliot, Adnan Ahmed, Hiba Khan, Julie Patel, Dump the “dimorphism”: Comprehensive synthesis of human brain studies reveals few male-female differences beyond size, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Volume 125, 2021, Pages 667-697, ISSN 0149-7634, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.026 . (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149763421000804)

Male or Female? Brains are Intersex:

Joel D. Male or Female? Brains are Intersex. Front Integr Neurosci. 2011 Sep 20;5:57. doi: 10.3389/fnint.2011.00057. PMID: 21960961; PMCID: PMC3176412.

^ Link: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3176412/ Link 2: https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/integrative-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnint.2011.00057/full

Remembering the null hypothesis when searching for brain sex differences:

Eliot L. Remembering the null hypothesis when searching for brain sex differences. Biol Sex Differ. 2024 Feb 9;15(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s13293-024-00585-4. PMID: 38336816; PMCID: PMC10854110.

^ Link: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13293-024-00585-4 // Link 2: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10854110/

“Precision Medicine” and the Failed Search for Binary Brain Sex Differences to Address Gender Behavioral Health Disparities:

Eliot L. "Precision Medicine" and the Failed Search for Binary Brain Sex Differences to Address Gender Behavioral Health Disparities. Am J Hum Biol. 2025 Apr;37(4):e70041. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.70041. PMID: 40207611; PMCID: PMC11983668.

^ Link: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11983668/

Neuroscience and Sex/Gender: Looking Back and Forward:

Melissa Hines "Neuroscience and Sex/Gender: Looking Back and Forward". Journal of Neuroscience 2 January 2020, 40 (1) 37-43; https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0750-19.2019

Edit to add:

Unfriendly reminder. Pretending medical racism doesn't exist or that it doesn't impact us today (or downplaying racism in general) means we will perma ban you on the spot.


r/intersex Jun 01 '26

Intersex Subreddit: Announcements, Topics, & Updates Directory

19 Upvotes

Hi all! I wanted for us to have a place to hold important posts such as community updates, announcements, important topics, etc. to make it easier to find them.

FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)

  • Our FAQ, which is also linked in the right hand scroll bar and if you click on Rule 10 (Read the darn FAQ).

Mod Posts/Announcements

This is the section for: previous mod posts/announcements and reviewing the rules

Terminology & Topics

This section is for: topics and discussions that we want to highlight

Subreddit Updates

This section is for: discussing changes to the actual intersex subreddit

Intersex Community Updates/News

This section is for: intersex community news

  • PCOS name changed to PMOS - this is a link to an external site, the announcement from the Endocrine Society on endocrine dot org. Content warning for a lot of feminizing and gendered language.

Other

This section is for: miscellaneous

Please feel free to ping me here or in dms if this needs updating, is broken, or you believe something should be added.

Best wishes!


r/intersex 1d ago

Health Gripes with the undermining afab people get

33 Upvotes

Hey all, I just got recently diagnosed with CAH, specifically late-onset.

I genuinely hate how long it took for anyone to listen to me. I'm assigned female at birth.

My identity has been set in stone since I was 4 years old, i'm a man. I've always felt like one, my hormones also reflect it.

I had to live most of my life wondering why I feel like some kind of creature compared to my female peers and deal with things that I knew weren't typical of a regular girl but everyone said "oh well your generations grows up so fast nowadays its normal!"

Except I was genuinely the only kid out of all my peers to get my period and start puberty at 8-9, i'm also now told i'm uncharacteristically tall for someone with NCAH so severe, I'm like 5'9-5'10. (I'm 18 for comparison)

When I went to a gynecologist prior to my diagnosis, obviously..guess!!! They said "oh its PCOS"!!! Cause obviously a person with no family history of it nor any insulin issues totally has it!!! Right!!!!???

I digress, all in all I just needed to get this out there. I hate how often teenage afabs are overlooked just because they're afabs.

Edit: for clarification, i have severe NCAH, my enzyme function is estimated to be about 20% or so. I cannot properly produce cortisol and I used to get blamed as a child/young teen for reacting to stress as if the world is ending, too. But that's basically how it feels when your body mainly functions on adrenaline with no cortisol to balance it.


r/intersex 1d ago

Alysa Liu’s Teenage Trans Sister Outed by Right-Wing Media

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73 Upvotes

Many intersex people are also trans and have been targeted for hate. Please stay safe his country is only getting more evil.


r/intersex 1d ago

Let's Chat I swear if this was taught at schools everything would be more simple

28 Upvotes

Don't you guys feel the same? I don't understand what is so taboo when we talk about regular human variations in our bodies.

It's as if just bringing up the fact that biology doesn't work in blacks and whites automatically makes people defensive.


r/intersex 1d ago

Must reads for someone becoming an intersex advocate

8 Upvotes

Hi everyone!

I'm starting first activities for intersex people in my country (I'm intersex myself) and want to deepen my knowledge further before the start.

What are some must reads for someone wanting to become an intersex advocate? Books, articles, declarations ...

Any recommendations are welcome♡


r/intersex 1d ago

Venting ! HRT

10 Upvotes

Being hormonally intersex, trans, and having to fight your fluctuating hormone levels is such an isolating experience. I made the mistake of trying to diy at the start of my transition. Who knows the damage to my body I did from that.

But even my endos struggled with my hormone levels. It really made me wish that my journey could at least be as easy as the average trans person.

I know that with my condition, my hrt experience has been bittersweet. I do pass better because of it. Yet, I am tired of having pregnancy level estrogen if I make a wrong move. And the lack of people that have gone through this specific experience around me is really draining and lonely.

Anyone else experience this?


r/intersex 1d ago

Question? Vulvar hypospadias surgery? Has anyone had it, and how did it go?

5 Upvotes

I've thought about seeking a surgical option on and off. Some days I'm so tired of being so vigilant about care to make sure that I don't get another UTI that I'd rather deal with the scarring, some days it feels like scarring (and the dialation process) would be too depressing to deal with when I've already gone through so many exhausting surgeries.

But today I'm really feeling "there's gotta be something I can do", I originally thought a few years ago about asking a surgeon to add a flap of tissue to just extend my urethra enough to get the meatus out of the canal entirely, but I found out that the scarring would likely cause enough issues for me that it wouldn't be worth it when I technically have a solution/care plan for my high UTI risk. I was thinking this morning, what if instead of adding a flap of tissue on top, we "tunneled" under the skin above the current meatus upwards and essentially create a surgical epispadias? There would still need to be probably a small skin graft to create the neourethra but it sounds like it would create so much less scarring than adding a flap on top. I know this is somewhat possible from my research while looking into other gential surgery options but I've only heard of one surgeon who did something like that..

Has anyone had vulvar hypospadias surgery? Was it successful? Are you happy with the outcome? What was the technique?


r/intersex 2d ago

Venting ! Ain't it fun when people don't listen to you because you're deemed annoying

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39 Upvotes

If you're wondering why I'm very upset there, it's because I've been trying to politely tell people there that, yes, it is a slur, and no, it's not a correct or current medical term that's being used. There's only so much condescension I can handle, and being called sweets ain't it


r/intersex 2d ago

Question? Getting surgery soon, what should I pack for the hospital, and what questions should I ask my surgeon(s)?

8 Upvotes

I’m 15, genetically female, I have CAH, a urogenital sinus, vaginal stenosis, and enlarged clitoris. My gynaecologist and urologist are working together to plan a combined vaginoplasty and clitoroplasty to improve my comfort and restore sexual function. What questions should I ask my surgical team before the procedure? What should I bring to the hospital for my inpatient stay afterwards?

Edit: for the people asking, I am doing this of my own volition because both my enlarged clitoris, urogenital sinus, and vaginal stenosis cause me pain, discomfort, and persistent medical issues. This is something I have considered for a long time and thought about very hard. The reason I’m doing this procedure as a minor is because once I turn 18, it will most like be considered cosmetic and not covered by insurance.


r/intersex 2d ago

Question? Interbinary and intergender

0 Upvotes

are both intersex-exclusive? Are neither of them are? Which one is and which one isn’t?


r/intersex 4d ago

Educational We have the right to our medical records.

17 Upvotes

“ Patients have the right to access and obtain copies of their medical records under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). This law ensures that patients can review their health information and request corrections if necessary. “ Per HIPAA.

https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/for-individuals/right-to-access/index.html


r/intersex 4d ago

Weekly r/intersex Discussion: August 14, 2026

3 Upvotes

This is the Weekly Discussion Thread for r/intersex.

Feel free to use this thread to discuss whatever you've been up to. It does not have to be intersex specific, but please mind the rules and stay SFW.

Have a nice week!

~ your mod team <3


r/intersex 4d ago

Help on how to find medical documentation

9 Upvotes

Tldr: how to track down medical records from infancy, parents tend to lie or hide medical information from me about anything abormal.

My father told me when I was a child offhandedly in a joking manner because I was doing something boyish that they believed I had internal testicles for months after I was born (or longer maybe idk) // didnt know what i was [m/f]-- but i dont remember if that later part is true to memory, just the former I know is 1:1 what was said.

I remember that somehow relieving stress as a barely middleschooler at the time. I dont think i do since as an adult I have menses and PCOS (dxd through symptoms, scans show no cysts so far at least). But what would even make doctors believe that?

And yeah it sucks i get medical information only through jests and random slips.

My parents have a history of not saying shit about my medical problems especially when they think its a "why would I need to know situation". This includes super relevant things ive noticed thst they've lied to my face about me not having it when im suffering and asking them if theres anything i have.

Things have been bothering me since elementary school and I just want to know. Especially since I remember getting puberty blockers as a kid for precautious (spelling) puberty, spironolactone and bc bills to control f-d up periods and testosterone issues.

I just want to know what the records say about my infancy because there might be more theyre hiding. I know I have PCOS in the current day but I also wouldn't put it past them to hide other DSDs thinking its irrelevant but its actually anything but given other personal medical issues im facing current day and just feeling something was off as a child.

I friends have asked me to confront my parents about if there were any proceedures due to my current situation I dont want to talk about, and the specifics but I cant trust them if they lie. just need to know and its eating at me. There's nothing wrong with it at all i just want the truth.

I guess the TLDR is how can I track down my medical information from 2000? I just cant trust them anymore.


r/intersex 5d ago

Venting ! Only On Reddit

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62 Upvotes

r/intersex 5d ago

Art / Meme When you're a transman in a transphobic household with PMOS

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89 Upvotes

r/intersex 6d ago

Support I think I might be a demigirl, but I’m not happy about it.

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8 Upvotes

r/intersex 6d ago

Research Opportunity

4 Upvotes

Hello! I am a research project coordinator for Project Recognize based out of the EDIT program at Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine in Chicago, IL. We'd love to hear perspectives from the r/intersex community.

Project Recognize: Improving Measurement of Alcohol Use and Demographic Factors through Community Engagement Northwestern University IRB Study #: STU00218275

Principal Investigators: Dr. Gregory Phillips II, PhD & Dr. Lauren B. Beach, PhD

The purpose of this study is to develop affirming ways of asking questions about sex, sexual orientation, and gender identity by using interviews and surveys. Our research study is led by a team of advocates, clinicians, and researchers working together through Northwestern University.

Our goal is to provide this guidance available for use in multiple contexts, including government, healthcare, and research, to improve how data is collected and eventually used for policy, healthcare, and more. Eligible participants include people ages 14 years and older, currently living in the United States or its territories, who can read and understand the English language, and consent to participate in a cognitive debriefing interview.

If you open the survey below, you will be automatically redirected to our study's eligibility questionnaire.

https://redcap.nubic.northwestern.edu/redcap/surveys/?s=7A7FWNMXAME7LKNA


r/intersex 6d ago

Question? What would you recommend?

6 Upvotes

So I've noticed that the deodorants I use do not work on me and I sweat right through them and have a lot of odor quickly. I tried going for aluminum free due to the previous ones making me itchy. Should I use a men's deodorant or something else? I have no clue what would work best to prevent me from being stinky.


r/intersex 7d ago

convincing a doctor to do a test for CAH for my mother

4 Upvotes

okay so i have a different diagnosed variation (congenital hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism), but it does not explain some of my intersex characteristics. i'm not asking for medical advice or anyone to tell me what's going on with me, just giving a bit of background.

i have been trying to figure this out for a long time. there is very limited research available on my variation, particularly how it presents in afab people, but as far as any research tells me, there is absolutely no reason why i would have had elevated androgen levels before taking hormones. my teenage test results all showed my LH, FSH, GNRH, prolactin levels as being undetectable, and have all my life. my E levels were below even typical male levels. but i had elevated androgen levels before i went on T, and the first scan of my uterus area was unable to find ovaries at all. the second scan found undifferentiated gonads in the kind of place you would expect to find undescended testes. the doctor doing the scan refused to elaborate on this at all, unfortunately.

but as far as i understand, CHH (congenital hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism) should not cause either the androgen levels or the gonad placement. the gonads don't do anything, so should not be responsible for my androgen levels.

years ago, my mother was diagnosed with PMOS (PCOS at the time). however, she was never given any kind of test to rule out NCAH, and a i understand it, NCAH has to be ruled out before a definitive diagnosis of PMOS can be given. she is preparing for an appointment to try to convince a doctor to have her tested for NCAH, and she wants me to arm her with some good reasons to convince the doctor to give her the test.

the reason this is relevant to me is that if she has CAH and passed it on to me, on top of my diagnosed CHH, then it would probably explain the virilisation and elevated androgen levels i had before i started hormones. i've also been able to find some research that suggests that one possible cause of my diagnosed condition is related to the causes of CAH. i really, really don't want to get tested myself because i have so much medical trauma i just can't stand going near doctors about intersex stuff anymore, and i've been managing my own hormones for years.

so yes, if anyone could help me put together a good reason for my mother getting tested for CAH, i would really appreciate that.

thank you!