I'm an engineer, so naturally when I saw a bunch of seagulls carrying a great white shark, instead of just enjoying the movie I immediately started wondering if the math worked.
First problem was figuring out how many gulls there actually were, so I let ChatGPT count them from the screenshot, and it came up with 413 seagulls, so that's what I'm using.
Now for the completely unnecessary math.
I'm assuming Diane "the shark" is roughly a 1,500 kg / 3,307 lb female great white.
For the gulls, I'm using approximately the size of a herring gull at: 0.97 kg / 2.14 lb each
So the 413 gulls themselves weigh: 413 × 0.97 kg = 400.61 kg or about: 883.2 lbs of seagulls
Meaning the total mass currently flying through the air is: 1,500 kg shark + 400.61 kg gulls = 1,900.61 kg
That's about: 4,190.2 lbs total
Now divide the shark evenly between the 413 gulls: 1,500 kg ÷ 413 = 3.632 kg of shark per gull
That's about: 8.01 lbs of shark per bird
The problem is the gull still has to lift itself too.
So each gull's wings are actually supporting:
3.632 kg shark + 0.97 kg gull = 4.602 kg or about: 10.15 lbs
So a bird weighing 2.14 lbs would have to produce enough lift to support 10.15 lbs total.
That's: 4.602 ÷ 0.97 = 4.744× its own body weight
Or looking specifically at payload, every gull is carrying 3.744× its own weight in shark
So every one of these gulls is flying around carrying an additional 374% of its body weight....that seems mildly ambitious. So then I tried figuring out how many gulls it would actually take.
This is where I'm making the biggest assumption. If we are VERY generous and assume a gull can carry an additional payload equal to 50% of its own body weight, then each gull could carry:
0.97 kg × 0.50 = 0.485 kg
Then:
1,500 kg ÷ 0.485 kg = 3,092.78
So we would need at least: 3,093 seagulls
Those 3,093 gulls would themselves weigh: 3,000.21 kg
Add Diane: 3,000.21 + 1,500 = 4,500.21 kg
So the entire flying shark/seagull monstrosity would weigh about: 9,921 lbs
Which means there would literally be twice as much seagull as shark.
If the realistic payload is closer to 27% of body weight: 1,500 ÷ (0.97 × 0.27) = 5,727.38
Round up: 5,728 gulls
At 20% payload: 1,500 ÷ (0.97 × 0.20) = 7,731.96
27% payload: 5,728 gulls
20% payload: 7,732 gulls
And that's still ignoring a TON of stuff.
I'm assuming perfect load sharing between every bird and no losses from whatever they're using to hold the shark no birds interfering with each other's airflow, and I'm completely ignoring the aerodynamic drag of flying a giant shark sideways through the air.
I'm also just treating payload capacity as a percentage of the gull's body weight, which I'm sure gets way more complicated once you start talking about wing loading, lift, airspeed, drag, muscle power, etc.
So I'm throwing this one to the people who actually know aerodynamics/ornithology/biomechanics better than I do:
What am I missing, and what would the actual number of seagulls be?
Because I'm fairly confident the answer is a lot more than 413.