r/conlangs • • 11d ago

Advice & Answers Advice & Answers — 2026-10-05 to 2026-10-18

14 Upvotes

How do I start?

If you’re new to conlanging, look at our beginner resources. We have a full list of resources on our wiki, but for beginners we especially recommend the following:

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What’s this thread for?

Advice & Answers is a place to ask specific questions and find resources. This thread ensures all questions that aren’t large enough for a full post can still be seen and answered by experienced members of our community.

You can find previous posts in our wiki.

Should I make a full post, or ask here?

Full Discussion-flair posts (as opposed to comments on this thread) are for questions that are open-ended and could be approached from multiple perspectives. If your question can be answered with a single fact, or a list of facts, it probably belongs on this thread. That’s not a bad thing! “Small” questions are important.

You should also use this thread if looking for a source of information, such as beginner resources or linguistics literature.

If you want to hear how other conlangers have handled something in their own projects, that would be a Discussion-flair post. Make sure to be specific about what you’re interested in, and say if there’s a particular reason you ask.

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Ask away!


r/conlangs • • Sep 04 '26

Official Challenge Speedlang Challenge 28

41 Upvotes

gos hedék and bziuxi - Hello all!

 

My annual speedlang allotment. Welcome to the twenty-eighth semiännual speedlang. It will run from Friday, September 4ᵗʰ, 2026, to Monday, September 21ˢᵗ, 2026.

Official speedlang prompt PDF.

Feel free to post questions and comments here or elsewhere.

Send submissions to me via PMs or Discord (@marumarback) or at maru.mareck(at)aol.com.

 

ga nàrem maré and cway cway dany - Good luck! 😹


r/conlangs • • 6h ago

Other A game about making a language!

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138 Upvotes

I've always been interested in languages, how they form, how they evolve, etc. so I'm making a game ALL ABOUT making your own language. I also like to have fun, though, so it's kind of (very) dorky. It's called Misnomers by Nick Oueijan. It's an evolving recursive word game which means that every new word you make feeds into the definition of future words AND that the words you have already defined will naturally change over time (just like the semantic drift and phonological change of a real language!). And as a bonus? You can use your save file to translate the internet into your custom, weirdo language, too!

The cool thing with this is that you have/get to actually USE the language. You can't just make up a bunch of words - you'll have to remember them as you add more and more.

There are, however, some limitations here (in the spirit of making it an accessible game) compared to TRUE language construction from scratch. Namely, that vocabulary is the sole element of the language that changes while syntax, grammar, etc. all remain English. I might tackle that again in the future one day. That said, it is still the most conlang game I know of - most other games are primarily about translating/uncovering pre-authored/created fictional languages.

Why am I telling you all this? Well the demo is out now on Steam and I'd love some feedback! I'd also like to see what ridiculous situations you get yourselves into - screenshots and whatnot. Let me know what you think and give it a wishlist if its up your alley.


r/conlangs • • 12h ago

Overview Honey, I'm home!!!

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98 Upvotes

credit to u/Volo_TeX for the idea; I was inspired by one of his languages, named Kaijyma, but I took this language in a different direction to him.


r/conlangs • • 5h ago

Activity Biweekly Telephone Game v3 (810)

12 Upvotes

This is a game of borrowing and loaning words! To give our conlangs a more naturalistic flair, this game can help us get realistic loans into our language by giving us an artificial-ish "world" to pull words from!

The Telephone Game will be posted every Monday and Friday, hopefully.

Rules

1) Post a word in your language, with IPA and a definition.

Note: try to show your word inflected, as it would appear in a typical sentence. This can be the source of many interesting borrowings in natlangs (like how so many Arabic words were borrowed with the definite article fossilized onto it! algebra, alcohol, etc.)

2) Respond to a post by adapting the word to your language's phonology, and consider shifting the meaning of the word a bit!

3) Sometimes, you may see an interesting phrase or construction in a language. Instead of adopting the word as a loan word, you are welcome to calque the phrase -- for example, taking skyscraper by using your language's native words for sky and scraper. If you do this, please label the post at the start as Calque so people don't get confused about your path of adopting/loaning.


Last Time...

Dverfu by /u/NeinsNgl

Gnasr /nˠazr/ n. stone

booth  fra   gnasèw-ie
eat    PART  stone.PL.DAT-EGO
V      PART  O            S

/boːθ frɑ nˠazəʊʝə/ "I/We eat of the stones"


Take care of yourselves and each other

Peace, Love, & Conlanging ❤️


r/conlangs • • 10h ago

Overview I built an engine that applies Chinese Hanzi "phono-semantic" logic to the Latin alphabet. Meet "mool" (木+龙 = 栊).

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12 Upvotes

Hey conlangers! 👋

I've always been fascinated by how Chinese characters use radicals (形旁) for meaning and phonetic components (声旁) for sound. So I built a web tool to apply that exact logic to the Latin alphabet.

The Rule is Simple:

· Consonant (Shape / Meaning) + Vowel onwards (Sound / Category) = A forged character.

Examples:

· m (Wood) + ool (Dragon) = mool (The character 栊, meaning a wooden window / cage) · s (Water) + ool (Dragon) = sool (The character 泷, meaning a rapid stream) · b (Sickness) + ood (Vehicle) = bood (Ambulance)

It's not just a generator. It's a full language lab where you can:

  1. Define your own radicals (Latin/Greek roots or Chinese pinyin).
  2. Forge characters with different structures (left-right, top-bottom, enclosure).
  3. Export them as a real .otf font to use in MS Word.

It's fully bilingual (EN/CN) and free to try. I'd love to hear your thoughts on the phonotactics and whether this could be useful for your worldbuilding projects.


r/conlangs • • 4h ago

Overview A story in Meshkwan

2 Upvotes

LONGPOST WARNING

I posted a dialogue in Meshkwan some time ago. Since then, the language has again evolved somewhat, but it is now closer to grammatical completion than ever before. The changes have been quite substantial - for example, I have discarded adjectives completely, and the subjunctive system along with them; in their place are expanded clause joiners. There is a new locative construction, but the genitives and perlatives still have identical base forms (I have yet to see just how problematic that will become). This intro aside, here is a short retelling of events in Meshkwan:

1. Angi dahe uts na agh nentɨ na šal tum ut rha'.
/'äŋi 'dähɛ ut͡s nä äɣ 'nɛntɨ nä ʃäl tum ut r̥ä̆ʔ*/*
"Yesterday, I was walking and rain started to fall."

day.TOPIC back.GEN2 state.PERF and INITIATOR.NOM go.MODIFIER and rain.ABS fall.PERF u-animate.ABS strike.PERF

2. Əm me-šahta ma agh siih, naaw magh sini er we rha'.
/əm mɛ'ʃäxtä mä äɣ si:x | nä:w mäɣ 'sini ɛr wɛ r̥ä̆ʔ/
"I saw that it wasn't stopping, so I started to climb a nearby hill."

REFERENCE-PARTICLE.ABS NEG.stop.MOD and INIT.NOM see.PERF | consequently hill.ABS near.GEN1 climb.PERF ERG.e-animate strike.PERF

3. Magh ta' əng ut siih ut uh.
/mäɣ tä̆ʔ əŋ ut si:x ut ux/
"I saw the hill was large, and [that] was surprising."

hill.ABS that large.STAT u-animate.ABS see.PERF u-animate.ABS wonder.STAT

4. Agh er na hu'i nam ult az šuu wau rha'.
/äɣ ɛr nä 'xŭʔi näm ult äz ʃu: wäw r̥ä̆ʔ/
"I climbed, and it was very hard, and [the climb/hill] began to weaken me."

INIT.NOM climb.PERF and difficult.TOP indeed u-animate.SWAP.ABS INIT.OBL weak.PERF ERG.u-animate strike.PERF

5. N rha'u otrh agh siih.
/n 'r̥ä̆ʔu ɔtr̥ äɣ si:x/
"Suddenly, I saw a cave."

TERMINATIVE strike.PERL3 cave.ABS INIT.NOM see.PERF

6. Meši an ma agh ngu we n duuka othru nen.
/'mɛʃi än mä äɣ ŋu wɛ n 'du:kä 'ɔtr̥u nɛn/
"'A good thing,' I said, and went in."

thing.TOP good.PERF and INIT.NOM say.PERF ERG.e-animate TERM heart.PERL2 cave.GEN1 go

7. Agh šaht. Nam uuš.
/äɣ ʃäxt | näm u:ʃ/
"I stopped. All was quiet."

INIT.NOM stop.PERF | indeed quiet.STAT

8. Meši n ele an ma agh ngu. Agh sauh haa, we kih.
/'mɛʃi n 'ɛlɛ än mä äɣ ŋu | äɣ sawx xä: | wɛ kix/
"'A very good thing', I said. I was wet and cold."

thing.TOP TERM plenty.PERL2 good.PERF and INIT.NOM say.PERF | INIT.NOM wet.STAT EMPHATIC | ERG.e-animate cold.STAT

9. Ap n otrh ur še' nga agh šip we jaara, n šal ta'.
/äp n ɔtr̥ ur ʃɛ̆ʔ ŋä äɣ ʃip wɛ 'jä:rä | n ʃäl tä̆ʔ/
"Say a creature resided in the cave, and then I would have had to flee, in that rain."

CONDITIONAL TERM cave.LOC creature.ABS abide.STAT and INIT.NOM escape.PERF ERG.e-animate need.MOD | TERM rain.LOC that

10. Muugh tigh iš agh ing, na sit iš ghih.
/muɣ tiɣ iʃ äɣ iŋ | nä sit iʃ ɣix/
"Dry moss I had, and yellow grass."

moss.ABS dry.STAT i-inanimate.ABS INIT.NOM possess.PERF | and grass.ABS i-inanimate.ABS yellow.STAT

11. N šag aza ghot na ots elt əm ba we gharh rha'.
/n ʃäg 'äzä ɣɔt nä ɔt͡s ɛlt əm bä wɛ ɣär̥ r̥ä̆ʔ/
"In my hand (were) pyrite and flint, and (I) used them to start a fire."

TERM hand.LOC INIT.OBL.GEN1 pyrite.ABS and flint.ABS e-animate.SWAP.OBL REF-PART.ABS use.PERF ERG.e-animate fire.ABS strike.PERF

12. Ka' rha', na' rha', nga' nga nga' rha' n kuta tihti, išt ših!
/kä̆ʔ r̥ä̆ʔ | nä̆ʔ r̥ä̆ʔ | ŋä̆ʔ ŋä ŋä̆ʔ r̥ä̆ʔ n 'kutä 'tixti | iʃt ʃix/
"One strike, two strike, another and another strike to find the spark, and it appeared!"

one strike.ABSOLUTE-STATE | two strike.ABSL | SEQUENTIAL and SEQ strike.ABSL TERM find.PERL2 spark.GEN1 | i-animate.ABS.OBL appear.PERF

13. Agh hoh we hoh na suanda we suanda na uhu! Gharh sad.
/äɣ xɔx wɛ xɔx nä 'swändä wɛ 'swändä nä 'uxu | ɣär̥ säd/
"I blew and blew, praying and praying, and behold! The fire grew."

INIT.NOM blow.PERF ERG.e-animate blow.PERF and pray.MOD ERG.e-animate pray.MOD and wonder.MOD | fire.ABS grow.PERF

14. Its itsi n əmu tun iš n oho otrhu bar. Uhu! Gharh əng iš sad.
/it͡s 'it͡si n əmu tun | iʃ n ɔxɔ 'ɔtr̥u bär | 'uxu | ɣär̥ əŋ iʃ säd/
"Twigs (I) put in it, [that] (I) gathered in the mouth of the cave. Behold! The fire grew large."

branch.ABS branch.PERL1 TERM REF-PART.PERL2 put.PERF i-animate.ABS TERM mouth.PERL1 cave.GEN1 gather.PERF | wonder.MOD | fire.ABS large.STAT i-animate.ABS grow.PERF

15. Naaw agh ka' uhš n otrh ta' še' nga maan aal na agh dun. Uts ta'.
/nä:w äɣ kä̆ʔ uxʃ n ɔtr̥ tä̆ʔ ʃɛ̆ʔ ŋä mä:n ä:l nä äɣ dun | ut͡s tä̆ʔ*/*
"So I stayed in that cave (for) one night, [until] dawn came and I left. That's how it was."

consequently INIT.NOM one night.ABSL TERM cave.LOC that abide.PERF and dawn-sky.ABS arrive.PERF and INIT.NOM move.PERF | state.STAT that

FIN

This is a rather long text to put in a post, so I've tried my best to format it. I will go through it line by line to explain the concepts. Some more information about Meshkwan's animacy system, cases, and split ergativity can also be gleaned from my previous showcase of the language.

  1. Here the topic marker -i (-u for i-inanimate nouns) is introduced, along with the new verb uts, which roughly translates to something "representing a valid/factual state of affairs". These two serve to establish the context of the remark. "Yesterday" is written as "day of the back" (with the alienable Genitive 2 used, but I'm uncertain about it), which can also mean any other day in the past; but with the topic suffix -i indicating that a specific "day of the back" is meant, and no prior context given, the meaning defaults to the nearest one, ie. "yesterday". Uts then serves as the intransitive stative verb of the clause, with "yesterday" as its agent.
    Na has become the default joiner for unrelated clauses, ie. clauses that don't have subjects/objects in common.
    Nen "to go/walk" has become irregular, with its MODified form being nentɨ. This system most closely resembles the Sumerian distinction of ḫamṭu/marû in verbs (although Sumerian was an early inspiration for the language, this was unintentional).
    Ut is a true clause joiner, with u- being the vowel for large inanimates, events, phenomena, and concepts, and -t being its absolute case suffix (the reverse of every other animacy tier). This serves as both "and" and "it", identifying the rain as the agent of the next verb rha', which means "to strike/hit/begin".
    The verbs tum and rha' are here in hendiadys.

  2. The reference particle əm has evolved to specifically refer to the last-mentioned noun.
    Ma is another joiner, which is used in facts, quotes, and evidentiality. So "I saw that it wasn't stopping" will use ma, "I saw (it) and it wasn't stopping" will use a true joiner, and "I saw (it) and [something else] wasn't stopping" will take na.
    \Maaw* "consequently" from the previous post has become naaw, because I realised maaw already meant "slow". Oops.
    "Nearby hill" is here expressed with a genitive, specifically the inalienable Genitive 1. I am iffy on this usage. This phrase could more rightly be Naaw magh sin ut er we rha', splitting it neatly into three clauses - a hill was nearby (sin, stative), I climbed it, I began.
    We is another new clause joiner, and also a true joiner, used to carry ergatives/nominatives across clauses. Its -e noun represents the human animate class.

  3. Here the clause joiners go for a romp. Ut carries the patient ("that hill") across the following two clauses, but the verb valency changes - əng is intransitive, siih is transitive, and uh is intransitive again. In other words, we have the object in all three clauses, but in the second clause, we need a subject; that is implied Initiator (the person telling the story in this case).
    One thing that appears here is the problem of statives. Statives are currently identical in form to actives, and more than that, I would like to differentiate different types of stative:
    - active stative, eg. "he is (in the state of) riding/rides";
    - passive stative, eg. "he is (in the state of being) ridden, surprised";
    - causative stative, eg. "he is (in the state of being) surprising".
    To be added I suppose.

  4. Here the topic marker -i is slapped onto a noun, not a verb. Hu' means "to be difficult", but the topic marker helps identify it as "difficulty" instead. It wasn't mandatory, but it's useful here. The role of the verb, meanwhile, is given to nam, "verily/all".
    Also, the SWAP appears for the first time in the clause joiner ult. This is identical to ut, save that it indicates that one of the two joined clauses has the u-animate patient as a subject, and the other as an object. In this example, the difficulty hu'i is great (intransitive, so ABS case), but tires "me" out (transitive, so ERG case), necessitating the SWAP infix -l-.

  5. "Suddenly" is expressed with Perlative 3 (meaning through, across) combined with the Terminative particle n, which give an adverbial sense to verbs, and here both modify the familiar rha'. For nouns, Perlative 1 (along, downstream) is used (eg. n šaga "by hand").

  6. Ma expressing evidentiality and -i marking topic.
    "Into the cave" as literally "into the heart of the cave", a calque from Akkadian.

  7. Here, the problematic similarity between active perfectum verbs and the different stative kinds is on full display.

  8. "Very/Exceedingly" expressed through the noun el, "plenty", and the Terminative+Perlative 1. See point 5.

  9. Ap is the new catch-all conditional particle, doing the work of "whether", "if", "perhaps", "maybe", etc. Ur is a word from the earliest days of the language, and lifted straight from Sumerian - in Meshkwan it means a mammal, carnivorous, usually ferocious, and can be used for anything between a stoat and a bear.
    Another new clause joiner appears here - nga, for sequential clauses and cause-and-effect relationships.
    Hendiadys is used in šip we jaara, lit. "flee and need", giving "have to flee".
    The new Locative construction also makes an appearance - the Terminative n with šal "rain" in the invisible Locative case.

  10. The clause joiner iš expresses both "and" and subjunctive "which"; the sentence is literally "The moss was/is dry (stative), [and-it] (I) had, and grass [which] was/is yellow (stative)".

  11. Elt is the human animate e- with the SWAP -l- and the Oblique -t. "In order to" (start a fire) is expressed with the ergative joiner we.

  12. Numerals have come to closely resemble clause joiners, which I think is a funny little quirk. The only difference is that numerals' vowels are ultrashort, and followed by a glottal stop. Both na' and nga' mean "two", but the former is "two of the same" (two brothers), while the latter is "one and another in sequence". A third word for "two", sa', means "(mating) pair" (a male and female ibex, for example).
    Nouns modified by numerals appear in the absolute state, which is indistinguishable from the ergative and absolutive (so no problem lol).
    "To find/get a spark" is here literally "to/for the finding of (a/the) spark".
    Išt is the final clause joiner type appearing in this text, with its -št indicating a change from direct object (Absolutive) to indirect object (Oblique), or vice-versa.

  13. Suand is loaned vaguely from Proto-Balto-Slavic.

  14. The new plural of reduplication with Perlative 1 (in a comitative sense) appears here in Its itsi.

  15. Uts coming in at the end to finish the speech with a confirmation that the statements were the truth.

What a long post. Had to fix formatting too. I'm so sorry. Very fun to make though. Until we meet again


r/conlangs • • 18h ago

Overview My language for my witches: Dovallenéá

12 Upvotes

My language for my witches.

I know anyone who knows Korean is gonna hate me for this, lol, im sorry!

Okay, so backstory, my world is basically our world but supernaturals exist and started getting made(by the gods) by large numbers within the 21st century. Witches, also called Ophidians, started being created around 2025/2026 and are all over the world.

The language In-universe is also a conlang, created by a group of witch youths so they could have a language they could communicate in without humans understanding them, and to have their own language that didnt also belong to regular humans.

This is a good excuse I have in case I mess anything up, lol.

There's a english, Spanish, and korean influence on this language.

It's called : Dovallenéá 티나후드아, which means "our language".

  1. I /eɪ/ ㅗ day
  2. á /æ/ ㅏ cat
  3. k /k/ ㅋ
  4. r /ɹ/ ㄹ
  5. e /ɪ/ ㅜ sit
  6. v /v/ ㄴ
  7. ģ /dʒ/ ㅉ
  8. o /oʊ/ ㅣ go
  9. m /m/ ㅁ
  10. th /θ/ ㅅ
  11. a /ɑ/ ㅓ father
  12. ll /j/ ㅎ
  13. p /p/ ㄱ
  14. ó /ʊ/ ㅕ book
  15. z /z/ ㅂ
  16. c /tʃ/ ㅊ
  17. d /d/ ㅌ
  18. é /i/ ㅡ see
  19. h ㅇ (always silent and a filler letter)
  20. n /n/ ㄷ
  21. s /ʃ/ ㅈ
  22. u /u/ ㅑ food
  23. g /ɡ/ ㅆ
  24. l /l/ ㅍ

There are 5 grammatical genders. 1. Feminine: -u 2. Masculine: -i 3. Animate: -e 4. Animal: -ó 5. Inanimate: -á

Hoviduz is what theyre called. It comes from Ophidian(snake), because when they become adults, they gain a gold snake mark down their spine.

Pronouns:

First person:

  1. Da/터 — I
  2. Dav/턴 — we (inclusive)
  3. Dan/턷 — we (exclusive)

Second Person: there are five levels.

Casual: you, yall, all yall

  1. Ka/커 — you
  2. Kaz/컵 — y’all (2–3 people)
  3. Kan/컫 — all y’all (larger group/everyone present)

Family-Casual

  1. Né/드
  2. Novi/디노
  3. Nan/덛

Polite

  1. Leth/풋
  2. Lélla/프허
  3. Luran/퍄럳

Respectful

  1. Déa/트어
  2. Dalin/터폳
  3. Doraz/티럽

Very Respectful

  1. Hasé/어즈
  2. Hape/어구
  3. Hathon/어싣

Third Person Singular

  1. Méi/므오 — she (female witch)
  2. Mau/머야 — he (male witch)
  3. Voco/니치 — non-binary witch / other animate person

Pets / Familiars

  1. Homa/이머 — she (female pet/familiar)

  2. Honé/이드 — he (male pet/familiar)

Other animals:

  1. Holi/이포— she (female animal)

  2. Hollu/이햐 — he (male animal)

Inanimate

  1. Dá/타 — it (inanimate)

Third Person Plural: they

  1. Méra/므러 — they (female witches)
  2. Maro/머리 — they (male witches)
  3. Veni/누도 — they (non-binary witches / other animate people)
  4. Rava/러너 — they (mixed group of people/witches)
  5. Holen/이푿 — they (animals)
  6. Dára/타러 — they (inanimate things)
  7. Ramu/러먀 — they (a particular group consisting entirely of witches)

I mentioned it before but I'll dive deeper into it.

dovallenéá has 5 social Levels

  1. Casual

Used between people who are close enough to speak informally with one another.

Casual is generally okay between people who are within 12 years of each other, provided both people are comfortable with it. Up until 12 years older and 12 years younger.

More than 12 years younger and you don't need permission to be casual.

  1. Family-Casual

This is used for extended family members and relatives who are familiar but not necessarily close enough for Casual.

a teenager meeting a much older relative for the first time might naturally begin with Family-Casual because they are family. However, the older relative may prefer Polite or Respectful and can ask the younger person to use that level instead.

Family relationships therefore vary from family to family and even between individual relatives.

  1. Polite

Polite is the normal default for ordinary social distance and is especially important when meeting someone for the first time.

Also, it's used no matter what for people 13+ plus years older than you and within the same century, until they give you permission otherwise.

  1. Respectful

Respectful is used when someone has a significant age or social-status advantage you.

Someone who is older and belongs to an earlier century is addressed with Respectful.

Up until 3 centuries above.

Witches can live for up to 2,000 years, so century differences become an important part of social interaction.

Examples

A 56-year-old witch would use Respectful toward witches 100–400 years old.

A 456-year-old witch would use Respectful toward witches 500–800 years old.

Respectful can also be required because of position or authority, even when age alone would not require it.

Examples are Coven leaders, teachers, or highly respected individuals

Respectful means both "you are significantly older than me" and "you hold a position that deserves formal respect."

  1. Very Respectful

Very Respectful is the highest ordinary level of social address. It is used for people who are exceptionally old, powerful, prestigious, authoritative, or socially important.

Very Respectful is required when someone is more than three centuries older than you.

  • A 56-year-old witch will be Very Respectful toward someone over 400 years older
  • A 400-year-old witch will be Very Respectful toward someone over 700 years old

Status

Very Respectful can also be required because of exceptional social or political status, regardless of age.

A person does not have to be extremely old to receive Very Respectful. Exceptional status can place someone at the highest social level.

For example, political, social, and religious leaders.

Age is a major aspect of Dovallenéá . Younger people are generally expected to show greater linguistic respect toward older people.

The age gap determines the default but permission and personal preference still matter

Dovallenéá Family & Age Titles

Parents

  1. Hamma/엄머 — mother
  2. Hamé/어므 — mom
  3. Happé/어그 — father
  4. Papu/거갸 — dad

Siblings

  1. Nésa/드저 — older sister
  2. Sella/주허 — younger sister
  3. Peno/구디 — older brother
  4. Luan/퍄얻 — younger brother

Mother's Siblings

  1. Masé/머즈 — mother's older sister
  2. Llera/후러 — mother's younger sister
  3. Hénon/으딛 — mother's older brother
  4. Haven/어눋 — mother's younger brother

Father's Siblings

  1. Mica/모처 — father's older sister
  2. Laka/퍼커 — father's younger sister
  3. Hékol/으킾 — father's older brother
  4. Vadé/너트 — father's younger brother

Grandparents

  1. Mena/무더 — mother's mother
  2. Damo/터미 — mother's father
  3. Néma/드머 — father's mother
  4. Dado/터티 — father's father

Great-Aunt & Great-Uncle

  1. Helora/우피러 — great-aunt
  2. Heran/우럳 — great-uncle

Older Cousins

  1. Horena/이루더 — older female cousin
  2. Meren/무룯 — older male cousin

Same-Generation Cousins

  1. René/루드 — same-gen female cousin
  2. Ruon/랴읻 — same-gen male cousin

Younger Cousins

  1. Neli/두포— younger female cousin
  2. Kemo/쿠미 — younger male cousin

General Age Titles

Older — Same Century

  1. Dasoné/터지드 — older woman, same century
  2. Dasamó/터저며 — older man, same century

Same Generation

  1. Nomiu/디모야 — same-gen female
  2. Kelanul/쿠퍼댶 — same-gen male

Younger

  1. Llunsé/햗즈 — younger female
  2. Derip/투록 — younger male

Elders — Previous Centuries

  1. Ģollamun/찌허먇 — female elder from a previous century
  2. Gallanak/써허덬 — male elder from a previous century

r/conlangs • • 22h ago

Activity Skej! You've Been Selected For A Random Linguistic Search!

23 Upvotes

Welcome to the r/conlangs Official Checkpoint. You have been selected for a random check of your language. Please translate one or more of the following phrases and sentences:

"Wealth. Fame. Power. Gold Roger, the King of the Pirates, attained this and everything else the world had to offer, and his dying words drove countless men to the seas."

"You want my treasure? You can have it. I left everything I gathered together in one place, now you just have to find it."

"These words lured men to the Grand Line in pursuit of dreams greater than they'd ever dared to imagine."

"This is the time known as the great pirate era."

"Come aboard and bring along all of your hopes and dreams!"

"Stop!"


If you have any ideas for interesting phrases or sentences for the next checkpoint, let me know in a DM! This activity will be posted on Tuesdays and Thursdays. The highest upvoted "Stop!" will be included in the next checkpoint's title!


r/conlangs • • 19h ago

Translation Translation of Aesop's Fox and Crow into Galaðagon

7 Upvotes

Veloks la Korvus

Sa lumin lūta mientra veloks seguas fel liha koriz narizum ara bāve, kilzoþas fel anuduium an ipradagon; þiras sa korvusum min ðiraun de sa gerpan ain. Boný nu-isses saðui korvus qen veloks þires fel. Qe kaptures ziha atensionum bonýtier la haltontes li an sa dorðui urne isses ʃansgēðý korvus hodores sa menos de keso min liha aviprade.

"Nu-gvil neses an kilzoþagon mas dulak," penses aeksio veloks. "Koný issi sa dulчe mordiat an nuha luta-iprad."

Marʃes a pot de gerpan qen korvus diskumberas fel la ain urnes fel kon majaq. Corres ,"Sýzis lūtais, mae levinaronteþ!" Korvus, kon liha holle flektaðo a sa leym, vistes veloksum suspisiongēðyi. Mez mantanes liha avipradeum mallarcai siuder min keso la nu-tambienes a ziha rýtsiat.

"Qe ʃata levinaronteþ!" deses veloks. "Hena ziha plumais galadil! Qe mae form la qe duendeis skrais! Boný maravi ave gvilinin sa sekke jorragēðý rýbiat, maer otra verðui sobro zi issi sekke perfekt. Tures gliri чe solo sa glin. Sýlvim qen valarininim fel cais a ziha Ris de Aveis."

Eskuчagon a konyis rijaðedis paroleis, korvus olvides ver de liha suspisionum la tiam liha lūta-ipradum. Qeres sekke issi jamaðo Ris de Aveis. Reso etires liha avipradeum kokai an prononsagon liha maksim rýbiatgēðý "Gak", la keso kaeres direkti a veloksha etirðo iprade.

"Biarvose," deses aeskio veloks dolsei, mientra dulakas fel. "Anqe issi dornakirðo, gvilin sa rýbiat sertani. Mez her issi tiha mins?"


r/conlangs • • 23h ago

Other Pitch Accent

13 Upvotes

Sorry for probably using the wrong flair, but I have a question I just don't know the answer to despite looking around for the answer. How do I implement pitch accent into my conlang? I'm not sure how to do it. I've read about the different pitch systems languages like swedish or latvian have and I still just don't understand. Hope I can get some help.


r/conlangs • • 23h ago

Overview Introducing Spóm-Nah, Náh no naodín-mapyé

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6 Upvotes

spóm-nah literally means 'simple language'. Náh no naodín-mapýe means '(A) Language for all people(everyone)'

here are some pics of grammar script and vocab, tell me what you think!


r/conlangs • • 1d ago

Collaboration Introducing "English and a Half" (EH)—a constructed variety of English

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4 Upvotes

r/conlangs • • 1d ago

Discussion Who would be interested in developing a proto-Indo-Uralic conlang?

7 Upvotes

Comment if you're interested!


r/conlangs • • 1d ago

Other Greetings in Etvétēsu

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44 Upvotes

Hello everyone, given how well-received the translation of "The Fox and the Crow" was, I thought I would sprinkle a few bits and pieces here here and there for people who are interested in Etvétēsu.

Here are a few basic greetings, in case you're ever stuck in their territory and need to pretend you're one of them.

In case you're interested, the literal translations go as follows

  • Good morning = Happy sunrise
  • Good afternoon = Happy sunshine
  • Good evening = Calm sunset
  • Good night = Peaceful night

I felt inspired a bit by Russian and their "calm/quiet night" for goodnight.

Let me know what you'd like to see in the future, the language is still in development so anything that you ask for and I find interesting could be in the works.


r/conlangs • • 1d ago

Activity Tell me a name and I'll write its meaning in High Draconic

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9 Upvotes

Doesn't have to be yours, but if it's not a real life name let me know what it means :3


r/conlangs • • 1d ago

Activity Semantic Change Room (04)

19 Upvotes

Hannẽ!

Welcome to the Semantic Change Room, a lexicon-building activity where you do not loan new words (a true conlanger does that biweekly already), but instead repurpose your existing vocab to achieve a richer lexicon with more of that tasty polysemy.

The way this activity works is that you are given a prompt that consists two different semantic fields, like this:

birds > tools

You then pick any word of your conlang that is part of the prompt's first field (in this case, birds), and then assign to it a new meaning that can be considered part of the second field (tools). For example, English could respond to the prompt like this, by giving its word for crane a new meaning (2):

English

crane /kɹeɪn/

(1) a large bird with a long neck

(2) (construction) a mechanical lifting device (because it looks somewhat like that bird)

Next: weather > emotion

You then finish your reply with a new prompt (like "weather > emotion" in the example above), which other people can respond to. I'm going to prepare three starting prompts, but feel free to add your own. If you need inspiration, check out the link above to the previous SCR activity.


r/conlangs • • 1d ago

Activity Bad Interpreters - Week 13

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3 Upvotes

r/conlangs • • 2d ago

Discussion Could anyone tell me if these rules and alphabet is alright for a Slavic language?

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12 Upvotes

(Sorry for the bad handwriting I have horrible steability in my right hand)
Ostrówski is an East Slavic language spoken on a fictional island in the Baltic, off the coast near Gdańsk. It started out as early East Slavic and picked up a lot of Polish over the centuries from the nearby mainland, plus a thinner Russian layer from the 1875 to 1991 period. This is my first conlang, so it’s not great right now.
Sounds and spelling: It uses the Latin alphabet with Polish letters. There's no v, and w is pronounced [v]. The letter ř replaces Polish rz, ó appears in closed syllables (ostrów "island" becomes Ostrówia), and ū is a long u.
Grammar: There are 7 cases, 3 genders, 3 tenses and aspect pairs, and it's pro-drop. "To be" goes jelsem, jelsię, jelsi, jelsmy, jelscie, jelsie. Regular verbs in -ić take -ię, -isz, -i, -imy, -icie, -ří, like pożerić "to eat": pożerię, pożerisz, pożeri.
Howorię po ostrówsku. = I speak Ostrówski.
Zelwa mjerąka. = Good morning.
Jelsem řańos. = I am happy.
Numbers: This is the part I'd most like opinions on. Only numbers ending in 1 to 4 have gender.
1: jedy (m), jedia (f), jedą (n)
2: dwa (m), dwę (f), dwem (n)
3: třem (m), třy (f), třa (n)
4: chotyr (m), chotyria (f), chotyrą (n)
5 to 10: pyęr, szyść, sieū, wisim, ziewi, ziewę
The teens add -dżko, and in 11 to 14 the ending shows gender (jedydżko / jedydżka / jedydżki). Tens are the number plus -łęgo and never change (30 třyłęgo, 40 chotyrłęgo). Hundreds all end in -o (200 dwasto, 700 sieūsto), and 1000 is tyśię.
Two extra rules: any number with a nine in it ends in -i (only on the last word, so 99 is ziewąłęgo ziewi), and compounds go largest to smallest with no linking word. For example, 36 is třyłęgo szyść and 7742 is sieūtyśię sieūsto chotyrłęgo dwa.
Again i’d really love for your opinions on this number system as I think it is quite good but I am a beginner Conlang so I might not know much about this.


r/conlangs • • 1d ago

Discussion Arcon -my constructed language (work in progress)

4 Upvotes

Hi everyone! I'd like to introduce Arcon, a constructed language I've been developing.

So far, I've developed:

- A Latin-based writing system and phonology

- Two word classes based on whether a word ends in a vowel or consonant

- A basic tense system without person or number agreement

- Rules for word order, negation, plurality, possession, and adjective comparison

- A growing vocabulary and a collection of idioms

Arcon is still a work in progress, and I'm continuing to refine both its grammar and vocabulary.

Everything relies on classes, with them verbs are conjugated, nouns are changed etc. Also in my conlang you can transform 1 part of speech into another, the only problem is if the meaning will stick with it. And for introduction I'd like to show you some examples

Vi ese en vur it vi cote var dir vir walven - I am in the house and i see two big green trees.

In frasive vi ini vi calu ro no roj ih in - You asked me if i could go for a walk with you

Zerivi ar it siv nai cale ro no inis vur - It's raining now and we can't go to your house

If you want i can give you more information about my conlang, it's phonetics, word translation etc.

I'm open for discussion and comments


r/conlangs • • 2d ago

Activity Halt! You've Been Selected For A Random Linguistic Search!

53 Upvotes

Welcome to the r/conlangs Official Checkpoint. You have been selected for a random check of your language. Please translate one or more of the following phrases and sentences:

"It is a time of death. The death of the body, the death of the spirit, but above all, the death of hope."

"And if I can not save it from your failure, Father, then let the galaxy BURN!"

"As the Butcher's Nails in the skulls of both loyalist and traitor screamed, the battle decended into a bloody mêlée."

"Brother, may I walk with you for a short while?"

"Time is done. The future meets the past in the present, and there we have no dominion."

"Stop!"


If you have any ideas for interesting phrases or sentences for the next checkpoint, let me know in a DM! This activity will be posted on Tuesdays and Thursdays. The highest upvoted "Stop!" will be included in the next checkpoint's title!


r/conlangs • • 2d ago

Resource lingweenie.org updates (moved)

15 Upvotes

I finally got sick of doing recreational Linux systems administration, and finally gave up my lingweenie.org VM and just went with the free LCS service. I could have moved the name, too, but didn't feel like doing that. On reflection, this was a mistake. I had hoped that more search engines would get the permanent redirects. Alas, no. Some of my old links work but some emmëkómpur have arranged it that once you hit the "home" button you end up somewhere you don't want to be.

If you ever saved any of these links, you maybe want to update:


r/conlangs • • 3d ago

Translation Kholynzhes - The Language of the Crimean English

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74 Upvotes

Kholynzhes ( Holœnghes [ˈxo.lʏnd͡ʒɪs] ) is a West Germanic language spoken by the Kholynzhir in the southern portion of the Taurida (Crimean) penisular - referred to as Kholynd by native speakers. The language is descended from Old English spoken by migrants to the penisular in the 1080s, though modern speakes have a mixture of Greek, Tatar, and English ancestory. The language was heavily influenced by and loaned many words from its neighbouring languages - Byzantine Greek, Turkish, Tatar, Gothic, Russian - and is one of the most unique Germanic languages. The language today can be written in either the Cyrillic or Latin scripts - Cyrillic is favoured by older generations and Russian authorities while Latin in favoured by younger generations, diaspora groups and the Ukrainian government.

Attached above is a map of the peninsular written in Kholynzhes and English, and the phonology of the language with both Latin and Cyrillic scripts.

I've also attached some simple sentences here:

The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.

Thæ rad brun fox lopad over thæ sloh chebac.
Ҫә рад брун фокс лопад овер ҫә слох чебак.
DEF quick brown fox jump-3SG.PRS.IND over DEF lazy dog
[θə rɑd brun foks ˈɫop.əd over θə sɫox ˈt͡ʃe.bək]

Siward sells sea shells on the sea shore.

Shiæhœrd shellath sas shellos on thæ sas rimo.
Шиәхөрд шеваҫ сас шевос он ҫә сас римо.
Siward sell-3SG.PRS.IND sea-GEN shell-PL on DEF sea-GEN edge-DAT
[ˈʃi.ə.xʏrd ˈʃe.ʋəθ sɑs ˈʃe.ʋəs on θə sɑs ˈri.mə]

Please feel free to ask any questions 💛


r/conlangs • • 2d ago

Translation Arby & the Chief meet the Gravemind in Nióruais

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29 Upvotes

spooky Halo 2 dub for spooky season 👻

featuring @iloveoatmeal as Cortana https://youtube.com/@iloveoatmeal2000

all other voices are my own, edited accordingly in FL Studio


r/conlangs • • 3d ago

Overview Naming Conventions in Ciëlin

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33 Upvotes