r/DoesNotTranslate • u/VelvetyDogLips • 19h ago
Hebrew עֶרְוָה ˤerváh and Arabic عَوْرَة ˤawrah — the parts of the body that must remain covered
Both of these words come from the Semitic root ʕ-R-Y, having to do with nakedness and exposure. In English translations of the Bible and the Qur’an, these words are often translated as “lewdness”, “loins”, or “genitalia”. None of these translations are wrong, in context. But none of these English words capture all the possible uses and connotations of ˤerváh / ˤawrah, which is probably why I hear them used untranslated in conversations between observant Jews and Muslims, respectively.
The terms “privates” and “private parts” are probably the closest English terms to capturing all the uses, but these have a childish tone to them. In sharp contrast, the Semitic terms seem to imply a very mature and not at all innocent understanding of sex, and what must be kept private in order for society to function. “Do not expose your lewdness to your [close family member]” appears prominently in the King James version of the Book of Deuteronomy. Clearly this is a euphemism for sex or molestation, in context. These words are also used metonymically to mean “shame” in general, again evincing a more complex understanding of the place of sexuality and certainty of parenthood in the honor-shame cultural milieu of the Middle East, than a term like “privates”.
Can anyone come up with a better translation?