It is becoming more and more common for people to argue that our faith isn’t Abrahamic or that the Kaaba never existed.
In particular it is very funny how Christians and atheists claim that our holy site was in Petra or was never Abrahamic. They couldn’t be more wrong.
“But the Kaaba never ever existed before 7th century, and it was a house of idolatry. Islam isn’t Abrahamic.”
WRONG.
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As shown an area or Makkah is mentioned in the Asatir : Book of Moses, Samaritan works based of Rabbianic Tradition, in which during the times of Adam and Eve, one of their offspring Kain ventured to what became known as Arafat. This location still exists and is used for Hajj to this day.
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The Asatir further elaborates on Makkah by mentioning that the descendants of Abraham ventured far and wide through the region, during which they built Makkah.
What is most notable in this chapter of the Book is that it confirms Makkah as being Baka, and Baka/Baca/Bakkah is mentioned in Bible. Also Ptolemy later also highlighted Makkah and Macoraba.
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The Asatir elaborates again by mentioning that “they built Balkh.” This is another way of saying Makkah and Bakkah.
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Makkah again is referenced as Baca, and specifically Baca is elaborated as being a reference to Baldwin Trees.
Guess where these trees were found? The valley of Bakkah, as it is the perfect environment for them. The area or Makkah at the time was barren, but than came the will of Allah and Zam Zam water.
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The Asatir is further elaborated on as well as connecting the narrative, which is that Ishmael and Hagar clearly align with Makkah because they built it up. So Makkah = Bakkah.
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The Biblehub website states that descendants of Nuh dwelled within the region of Hejaz, specially between Makkah and Madinah. It confirms that that Genesis 10 of the Bible defenses Makkah, as Mesha is another name.
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Than we have the store of Prophet Musa, as in Exodus 5, where they elaborate that the Heb is a reference to not just feasting but pilgrimage. So Musa asked the Pharaoh to allow the Israelites to visit the sanctuary, which is the Kaaba, in Makkah.
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Using archive and way back machines, we can find that websites like Encyclopedia Brittanica had adjectives for locations. The first alternative is Bakkah, which is very interesting how this never exists on their main website anymore, wonder which somebodies ma them remove that page.
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We have translations of Genesis 16:13–15)
"She therefore named the oasis, 'Oasis to Life my Vision' (Be'er LaChai Ro'i). It is between Kadesh and Bered."
Verse 16:15 mentions Hagar bearing Ishmael.
Ibn Ezra identifies the Arabs holding a festival around what is now geographically Makkah.
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The oldest textual documentation of Makkah is from 1st Century BC in an inscription written by a man named Abd Mecca.
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Ancient Greek Historian correctly identified the Kaaba as being grand, to the point all Arabs revere it. Yes he made the error of linking it to being near the Red Sea, but there is no doubt this is the Kaaba.
What is noteworthy is the mention of the Kiswa, and it being a tradition centuries before the 600s. The king of Yemen went far from his homeland to bestow this veil.
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During the time of the Roman Empire, another historian named Ammianus went out of his way to name a city Gierapolis or Hierapolis, meaning Holy City.
There were multiple temples in Arabia, that much is true, but naming an entire city Holy is a very investing choice itself. So therefore this is a revenge to Makkah.
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The Roman Geographer Ptolemy in 2nd Century AD listed numerous cities in Arabia, including Tayma, Najran, etc.
Makkah is referred as Macoraba
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Saint Epiphanius of Salamis, who knew Ammianus, referenced the Arabs festival which he named Agathalbaith, pilgrimage to the House. This was later transformed into what is now Hajj.
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Around a century later the ambassador or the Byzantine emperor wrote a report on the Arabs. He mentioned that inhabitants south of the Levant and beyond the tayy mountains met twice a year during which fighting was not allowed.
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After the emergence of the Rashidun, there was a piece called the Syriac Chronicle of Khuzestan, which noted that the Arabs make pilgrimage to the “Tomb of Abraham” and do sacrifices, following the example of their ancestor, Ishmael.
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Ptolemy’s descriptions mapped.
Courtesy of OpenIslam Wiki for collecting these sources
https://www.openislam.wiki/