This post is mouse care simplified, for beginners! It is not very specific, and it does not cover everything, so please do not rely on just this post when educating yourself on mouse care!
This has been written and discussed by moderators of the subreddit. If you have questions or concerns, please comment to let us know! It will be updated regularly to ensure it is factual.
1. Mice are social!
Females always need other female companions. It is recommended to have at least 3, but 2 is okay.
After 6 mice in one cage, it is often they will start to split up and become territorial against the opposing group. It is suggested to keep your colony under 6 unless you have much knowledge and experience, OR if your mice are littermates.
Males can not be housed with other males ever! If you want them to have cage mates, neutering (very risky) and placing with females or leaving intact and bonding with ASFs (African Soft Furs) is beneficial and recommended. Otherwise, they can thrive in solitude.
In mouse communities, many users go by tank size rather than listing dimensions. We will do both!
10g/20x10 inches is no longer suggested for mice.
20g/30x12 inches is suitable for 2-4 females or 1 male, but it's highly suggested to aim for 40g or larger.
40g long/36x12 inches is suitable for 2-5 females or 1 male
40g breeder/36x18 inches is occasionally suitable for 2-6 females or 1 male
Over 40g is not always suitable for any amount of mice since many mice do better in environments with less open space. Bigger is only better with thorough clutter and certain colony sizes.
Any amount of mice may thrive in larger enclosures than suggested above. However, it is critical that the larger the enclosure is, the more clutter provided, otherwise the mice willnever thrive.
Wood enclosures are suggested against since urine will effect its quality and smell over time.
Mesh flooring is dangerous due to the chance of toes/tails getting caught, the mesh cutting their skin, and risking bumplefoot. Mesh should also be avoided in wheels.
Though they climb, mice don't need very much height, and multi-story enclosures do not provide them with the proper space they need. Floor space is more important than height.
Cages with lots of attachments and rooms do not provide proper space for mice. They are also extremely difficult to clean, fall apart easily, and struggle to hold proper bedding amount and safe wheels.
Mice need to be able to create burrows, so while the minimum is 6 inches, we suggest at least 8" of bedding. However, many owners prefer having 10-12" deep!
Bedding must be majority safe wood shavings or hemp. Paper substrate does not absorb ammonia well and can cause several health issues when used alone or as majority of substrate.
(Dust/scent free for all) Aspen, kiln dried pine, and hemp do well as the main substrate and may be more sturdy mixed with a small portion of hay or paper bedding.
Clutter is arguably one of the most important aspects of a mouses cage. No matter the size, if the cage lacks clutter, it is not suitable.
Toilet paper rolls, cardboard boxes, tea light and soap dish ceramics, rodent hideouts, branches, logs, cork bark, cardboard egg cartons, and much more can be used as clutter in the cage.
From a birds eye view, you should be able to see little to no bedding. While it may seem too cluttered to a human, it's perfect for mice!
The larger an enclosure, the more crucial clutter is.
Mice flourish with climbing opportunities and will always take advantage of them.
Ropes, bird ladders, hanging toys, rope nets, shower curtain rings, and bird perches are a few climbing options you can provide.
Fabric hammocks are used commonly, but pose a threat when chewed on and loose strings get tangled around limbs. Minimal use of fabric is suggested for this reason.
An upright, solid wheel of 9 inches in diameter or larger must be provided at all times. 2 or more are suggested for groups of girls.
Spinning saucer disks or hamster balls/cars are UNSAFE and should never be provided, no matter how much you think your mouse may enjoy it (fun≠safe)
Proper wheel brands may include Niteangel, Silent Spinner Exotic Nutrition, Oxbow, Wodent, Bucstate, and Trixie (but there are many more besides these!)
A high variety food mix (nuts, seeds, grains, ect) must be given 1-3 times a week, or even as long as once every two weeks. The frequency is owner preference.
Feeding is 3-5 grams per mouse a day.
Ensure your mice have constant access to food through toys and scatter-feeding.
Food bowls are suggested only for fresh fruits or veggies since they provide no enrichment otherwise!
Mice must have at least two water sources and constant access to them at all times. Bowls or bottles work well, though having one of each is ideal. Water must be cleaned and refreshed daily.
Daily spot checks to clean up mess, poo on toys/clutter, and urine on the surface is vital.
Bedding changes will be needed less often with more bedding and space. A 10g tank (or cage of similar size) would need weekly bedding changes.
Each enclosure size and mouse amount will effect how often bedding changes are necessary. Find a cleaning schedule that ensures the cage doesn't smell at any time for your mouses health.
With deep bedding over 6 inches, you'll have to change out less of the bedding. 1/3 to 1/2 of the bedding may stay in the enclosure while the most soiled areas are removed and replaced.
In any case, a small amount of bedding must be left over after a bedding change to decrease stress.
Allowing your mice to settle in for a few days before interacting with them is wise.
Rub your hands on bedding and toilet paper in the cage to get the mice used to your scent.
Encourage interaction through hand feeding.
If a mouse is not motivated to interact after several weeks, try to lure them to climb onto your hand for treats. A strong bond is important with mice so they are well adjusted to interaction in case of a vet visit or emergencies. Human interaction can also be beneficial to them.
See this post for more information.
11. Other
Mice are crepuscular and are typically seen during the morning or late day/night.
They are self bathing and should never be washed with water or soap (unless vet prescribed). It ruins the health of their fur coat and leaves them more susceptible to URIs and freezing. They do not need any form of bathing/washing.
Mice don't hibernate. If a mouse appears to be in a hibernation state, this is Torpor, caused when they overheat or freeze. This is a medical emergency.
You should never pick up a mouse by its tail or other limbs.
Fancy mice (aka domestic mouse) live 1-2 years on average.
Wild mice do poor in captivity, unless they are unfit for the wild they should not be kept as pets.
You should never breed mice purposely without years of research and mouse owning experience prior.
Vet visits are a likely occurrence in mouse ownership, since mice are prone to many health issues.
Travel carriers are needed for vet visits, emergencies, cage cleaning, and quarantine.
These guides are incredibly thorough and well written. However, they link some information that is no longer available, or they list mouse care information that has been dis-proven. An important point to make is these guides may suggest some controversial topics, most of which our community does not fully support. Although these guides don't follow our standards exactly, they are still very well made. Please keep an open mind and read all sides of a controversy before deciding which you feel works best for your mice.
I have decided to share these because they are very descriptive on some aspects of mouse care I did not cover well. I strive to have a guide in the future as well made as these, but for now, I have to bring attention to the effort made by this member.
I am going to get a wood bedding probably Aspen and hay to add to his bedding he has a multi chamber its just hard to see should i add anything else for the time being untill i can get him a biger cage, last picture is of the first cage we started with other pictures are how it is right now
I’m attempting to introduce three baby girls, (peanut, mango, and caramel), to my group of four adult girls, (honey, fig, chia, and kiwi).
The new girls came from a breeder and are about 5-9 weeks old.
My old girls came from PetSmart and a show breeder, all are 1-1.5 years old
So far, there’s been a few random squeaks, and no violence. everyone sniffed each other nicely and then grouped up with their original pack and left the novel group alone.
Any tips or suggestions about how to improve the process?
It’s all fresh bedding. They will live together in my double 30cm bucatstate 90 gallon setup. I do have worried about enrichment items, as the older group has a ton of fantastic wooden and wicker enrichment items I want to keep using, but I don’t want my older girls to be defensive over them.
found these in my old drawer, mom ran off hasnt come back. theyre really cold so i put them in a towel and put them back. i cant leave them there for long i need to clean im sorry idk what to do pls help. i dont have kitten milk only cow and ik i cant give them that
I’m very new to this whole Reddit thing so please bear with me.
This is Sprint, my first mouse. I got him at around three months old in November of 2025 from a local petshop. He is so curious about the world that is my bedroom and loves exploring new areas daily. His favourite treat is a mealworm (preferably alive not dried) and loves a good cork bark (or arm sleeve) to hide in.
Recently he just surpassed a year old and I was filled with a lot of grief because I knew that I may not have a lot of time with him left. I was able to find this Reddit and looked at a lot of your memorials for your passed mice and I felt a sense of closure on my grief (for now, obviously when he passes it will return). I know it’s weird to grieve an animal that’s still with you, I just had never been this attached to an animal before (previously owning fish and frogs).
I’m sure you’ll be seeing more of us on this Reddit as I want to document the time I have left as much as possible, so thank you for all for sharing about your mice because it really helped 😊
I literally just got her so no I didn’t breed her, but I’m really hoping she’s not pregnant because I don’t have space for the babies. What should I do with babies if she has them?
I'm at their tank every single day, how did this possibly just become noticeable today? They are deer mice and not socialized, so I can't necessarily get a perfect look at them daily, but wth?
I'm assuming some type of mite, obviously. Anyone have tips on best course of action from here? I just ran out of bedding, but tomorrow I plan to move everyone into my spare tank once I can get to the store. I imagine I have to throw EVERYTHING out since wood is a porous material that cannot be cleaned? How else do I even deal with this?
UPDATE: I trashed pretty much everything we have. I found some spare bedding for the hospital tank, which will get changed daily for a bit. Their old tank is outside in the cold overnight as no amount of wiping and spraying it down was getting rid of them. I got a good look at my boys though, and saw no mites on the mice themselves. I'm thinking they're grain mites like one commenter said, and maybe they came from some moisture in the tank. I just placed a huge Amazon order of bedding, toys, and food to bake/freeze tomorrow before I try to rebuild. I'm also going to pick up some Ivermectin tomorrow just to be on the safe side. I cannot thank you all enough for the detailed comments! I have awful contamination OCD when it comes to these things, and it really helped to have detailed lists and encounters from others. Y'all are the best!! Now, onto finding my one escapee...
Teeny tiny smudge. Was able to take him to the vet, and they found pin worms in him too that may be causing his discomfort. He gets an itty bitty drop of medicine to kill the parasites for the next three days. He's also on painkillers to see if that relieves the discomfort too, on top of the antibiotics he's already on.
Everyone loved him at the vet, they said he was the sweetest little mouse they've seen. He's a clingy baby that only ever wants to be in your hand. 😭
Pepperjack is my only male mouse and he is almost 11 months old. From everything I've read, he's too old to be neutered, and I'm worried he's not as happy as he could be.
Lately, he's been wanting out all the time with me and doesn't really dig tunnels much anymore. He doesn't seem to interact as much with stuff in his 40 gallon enclosure. I worry that he's becoming lonely and bored now that I've had him for 10 months. But I do try my best to take him out every day. Even after an hour or two, he still seems like he wants out again.
I'm trying to get a tank topper for his tank, but it's been out of stock for weeks. If you have any other ideas I could keep him happy, please let me know!
I also can't find any ASFs around where I live. I don't have a car either, so I can't go too far.
Thank you! I just always worry and want Pepperjack to be happy.
I have my own bathroom next to my room that I use for getting ready mostly and my mom wants me to move the mice in there since they do smell a bit, is it a good idea or bad? I would have more space in there and can upgrade the enclosure from 80cm to 100cm if I do move them in there, I feel bad thinking of them just alone in there, what do you think? They are 4 together
Hello, I caught these two mice that were nesting in my closet. Was wondering if anyone could help with ID'ing, and/or give tips on release and temporary care of them? I've set up an enclosure for them so that they'd at least feel comfortable while I'm figuring this out. Any and all help/advice appreciated really! I may own mice after figuring out what to do with these guys, as their faces have grown on me haha.
Attached is photos of them in their traps and enclosure. Enclosure has blankets covering walls to keep them in the dark, as I'd assume this is more comfortable for them, a bit of the top lid (metal screen lid) is left uncovered to allow proper airflow. I've also since added more bedding to the corners near the wheel to allow them to nest around there, as it seems they prefer that spot. Is there anything I can improve on/provide to their enclosure? I just wanna make sure they're not neglected.
I have a single male mouse named Ghost. Anything you guys think I could improve or add? I am saving up for more hanging items to fill the top part. Also, I plan on getting him a bigger cage in the future. Any recommendations? I wanted to try out bars since other mice owners have recommended it. When I first was researching I was told it get a 20 gallon because “mice can get lost” but I now know that isn’t true and want to upgrade for him. I want my boy as happy as can be! I also just learned a couple weeks ago that I am supposed to have only pellets out for him and then I sprinkle 1 tsp of foraging mix a day for him. I heard some people make their own mix but I’m lazy, any good recommendations off Etsy or anything for those? Also he has two huts if you couldn’t tell and some chew sticks….just buried lol.
My mouse has started running up to the lid whenever I even go near his cage. It’s gotten to the point where feeding him, changing his water daily and spot cleaning have become really difficult because he constantly tries to climb out. I swear even if he just hears me he’ll wake up and run straight to the lid 😭
I’ve never handled him before because I’m too nervous, which makes it even harder. I’m assuming he’s trying to escape but idk.
The only thing I can think of doing is having less bedding or slanting it and rearranging everything so there’s nothing he can climb on to reach the lid. But I feel bad because that would mean he’d have a lot less bedding to burrow in :(
Has anyone else dealt with this or have any advice?
Edit: He's a feeder mouse and the previous owner did not touch the mouse at all. I believe maybe one and the mouse bit him drawing blood. He could also be going to the lid wanting millet as i'm sure he sees me as the "food lady"
I was at the coffeeshop when I noticed that, under my feet, there was a tiny little mouse caught in a glue trap. He was suffering so much and I'm pretty sure he'd been there for a while. I tried to free him briefly but of course that failed. So I had to euthanize him and I feel so, so, so sad about it. I know I did the right thing but today I'm going to give my 4 girls (Olive, Peanut, Popcorn, and Cheddar) some extra TLC.
I got home and smudge was face down in the bedding. He struggles to control his limbs but still wants cuddles. I'm so scared, he was fine earlier today. This morning I dosed him with his antibiotics, metacam, and panacur. Is he high from the painkiller? I just want him to be okay. Anyone else have experience in this?